Help:Editing: Difference between revisions
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It's very easy to edit a [[MediaWiki]] page. Simply click on the "'''Edit this page'''" link at the top or bottom (also on the sidebar) of a Wiki page to change the page itself, or click on "'''Discuss this page'''" link and then on "Edit this page" to write on the corresponding [[MediaWiki User's Guide: Talk pages|talk page]]. This will bring you to a page with a text box containing the editable text of that Wiki page. |
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__NOTOC__ |
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Then type away, write a short [[MediaWiki User's Guide: Edit summary|edit summary]] on the small field below the edit-box and when finished press "Save"! You can also preview your changes before saving if you like. Depending on your system, pressing Enter while the edit box is not active (there is no typing cursor in it) may have the same effect as pressing Save. |
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==Introduction== |
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It is often more convenient to copy and paste the text first into your favorite [[EnWikipedia:text editor|text editor]], edit and spell check there, and then paste back into your [[EnWikipedia:web browser|web browser]] to preview. This way, you can also keep a local backup copy of the pages you authored so that you can make changes offline. |
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[[Wikipedia]] is a [[WikiWiki]], meaning that anyone can easily edit any [[Wikipedia:What is an article|article]] and have those changes posted immediately. This page is the reference for '''Wiki markup'''. You may also want to learn about: |
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* [[wikipedia:How to start a page|How to start a page]] |
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* Informal tips on [[wikipedia:Contributing to Wikipedia|contributing to Wikipedia]] |
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* Editing tasks in general at the [[Wikipedia:Editing FAQ]] |
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* Preferred layout of your article at [[Wikipedia:Guide to Layout|Guide to Layout]] |
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* Style conventions in the [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style]] |
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* General policies in [[Wikipedia:Policies and guidelines]] |
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* [[Wikipedia:Naming conventions]] for how to name articles themselves |
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* If you are making an article about something that belongs to a group of objects (a city, an astronomical object, a chinese character...) check out if there is a [[Wikipedia:WikiProject|WikiProject]] on the group and try to follow its directions. |
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* Finally, for a list of all articles about editing Wikipedia see [[Wikipedia:List of articles in the Wikipedia namespace|List of articles in the Wikipedia namespace]] or [[Wikipedia:Utilities|same list sorted by topic]]. |
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It's very easy to edit a Wiki page. Simply click on the "'''Edit this page'''" link at the top or bottom (also on the sidebar) of a Wiki page to change the page itself, or click on "'''Discuss this page'''" link and then on "Edit this page" to write on the corresponding [[Wikipedia:Talk page|talk page]]. This will bring you to a page with a text box containing the editable text of that Wiki page. |
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Then type away, write a short [[Wikipedia:Edit summary|edit summary]] on the small field below the edit-box and when finished press "Save"! You can also preview your changes before saving if you like. Depending on your system, pressing Enter while the edit box is not active (there is no typing cursor in it) may have the same effect as pressing Save. |
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Please use a [[Neutral point of view|neutral point of view]], and please [[Wikipedia:Cite your sources|cite your sources]] so others can check and extend your work. |
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It is often more convenient to copy and paste the text first into your |
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favorite text editor, edit and spell check there, and then paste back |
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into the browser to preview. This way, you can also keep a local backup copy of the pages you authored so that you can make changes offline. |
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== Minor edits == |
== Minor edits == |
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When editing a page, a [[ |
When editing a page, a [[MediaWiki User's Guide: Loggin-in|logged-in]] user has the option of flagging the edit as a "minor edit". When to use this is somewhat a matter of personal preference. The rule of thumb is that an edit of a page that is spelling corrections, formatting, and minor rearranging of text should be flagged as a "minor edit". A major edit is basically something that makes the entry worth relooking at for somebody who wants to watch the article rather closely, so any "real" change, even if it is a single word. This feature is important, because users can choose to ''hide'' minor edits in their view of the [[MediaWiki User's Guide: The Recent Changes page | Recent Changes page]], to keep the volume of edits down to a manageable level. |
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The reason for not allowing a user who is not logged in to mark an edit as minor is that vandalism could then be marked as a minor edit, in which case it would stay unnoticed longer. This limitation is another reason to log in. |
The reason for not allowing a user who is not logged in to mark an edit as minor is that vandalism could then be marked as a minor edit, in which case it would stay unnoticed longer. This limitation is another reason to log in. |
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== The wiki markup == |
== The wiki markup == |
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In the left column of the table below, you can see what effects are possible. In the right column, you can see how those effects were achieved. In other words, to make text look like it looks in the left column, type it in the format you see in the right column. |
In the left column of the table below, you can see what effects are possible. In the right column, you can see how those effects were achieved. In other words, to make text look like it looks in the left column, type it in the format you see in the right column. |
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You may want to keep this page open in a separate browser window for reference. If you want to try out things without danger of doing any harm, you can do so in the [[ |
You may want to keep this page open in a separate browser window for reference. If you want to try out things without danger of doing any harm, you can do so in the [[Sandbox]]. |
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</td> |
</td> |
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</tr> |
</tr> |
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<tr> |
<tr> |
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<td> |
<td> |
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A single [[newline]] |
A single [[EnWikipedia:newline|newline]] |
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has no effect on the layout. |
has no effect on the layout. |
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These can be used to separate |
These can be used to separate |
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sentences within a paragraph. |
sentences within a paragraph. |
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</td> |
</td> |
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<td> |
<td> |
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<pre><nowiki>A single [[newline]] |
<pre><nowiki>A single [[EnWikipedia:newline|newline]] |
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has no effect on the layout. |
has no effect on the layout. |
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These can be used to separate |
These can be used to separate |
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sentences within a paragraph. |
sentences within a paragraph. |
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</td> |
</td> |
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</tr> |
</tr> |
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<tr valign="top"><td>You can break lines<br> |
<tr valign="top"><td>You can break lines<br> |
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without starting a new paragraph.</td> |
without starting a new paragraph.</td> |
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</td> |
</td> |
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</tr> |
</tr> |
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<tr> |
<tr> |
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<td> |
<td> |
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</td> |
</td> |
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</tr> |
</tr> |
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<tr> |
<tr> |
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<td> |
<td> |
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</td> |
</td> |
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</tr> |
</tr> |
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<tr> |
<tr> |
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<td> |
<td> |
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</td> |
</td> |
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</tr> |
</tr> |
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<tr> |
<tr> |
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<td> |
<td> |
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; item : the item's definition |
; item : the item's definition |
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</td> |
</td> |
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<td><pre><nowiki>; Definition list : list |
<td><pre><nowiki>; Definition list : list |
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of definitions |
of definitions |
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; item : the item's definition</nowiki></pre> |
; item : the item's definition</nowiki></pre> |
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</td> |
</td> |
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</tr> |
</tr> |
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<tr> |
<tr> |
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<td> |
<td> |
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: A colon indents a line or paragraph. |
: A colon indents a line or paragraph. |
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A manual newline starts a new paragraph. |
A manual newline starts a new paragraph. |
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* This is primarily for displayed material, but is also used for discussion on [[MediaWiki User's Guide: Talk pages|Talk page]]s. |
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* This is primarily for displayed material, but is also used for discussion on [[Wikipedia:Talk page|Talk page]]s. |
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</td> |
</td> |
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<td><pre><nowiki>: A colon indents a line or paragraph. |
<td><pre><nowiki>: A colon indents a line or paragraph. |
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A manual newline starts a new paragraph. |
A manual newline starts a new paragraph. |
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</nowiki></pre> |
</nowiki></pre> |
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</td> |
</td> |
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</tr> |
</tr> |
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<tr valign=top> |
<tr valign=top> |
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<td> |
<td> |
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<pre><nowiki>IF a line starts with a space THEN |
<pre><nowiki>IF a line starts with a space THEN |
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it will be formatted exactly |
it will be formatted exactly |
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as typed; |
as typed; |
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in a fixed-width font; |
in a fixed-width font; |
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WARNING If you make it wide, |
WARNING If you make it wide, |
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you [[page widening|force the whole page to be wide]] and |
you [[EnWikipedia:page widening|force the whole page to be wide]] and |
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hence less readable. Never start ordinary lines with spaces. |
hence less readable. Never start ordinary lines with spaces. |
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</td> |
</td> |
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<td><pre><nowiki> IF a line starts with a space THEN |
<td><pre><nowiki> IF a line starts with a space THEN |
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it will be formatted exactly |
it will be formatted exactly |
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as typed; |
as typed; |
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in a fixed-width font; |
in a fixed-width font; |
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* ascii art;</nowiki></pre></td> |
* ascii art;</nowiki></pre></td> |
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</tr> |
</tr> |
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<tr valign="top"><td><center>Centered text.</center> |
<tr valign="top"><td><center>Centered text.</center> |
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</td> |
</td> |
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</td> |
</td> |
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</tr> |
</tr> |
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<tr> |
<tr> |
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<td>A [[horizontal dividing line]]: above |
<td>A [[EnWikipedia:horizontal dividing line|horizontal dividing line]]: above |
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---- |
---- |
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and below. |
and below. |
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</tr> |
</tr> |
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</table> |
</table> |
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== Links, URLs, images == |
== Links, URLs, images == |
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<table border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"> |
<table border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"> |
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<tr> |
<tr> |
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<th>What you type</th> |
<th>What you type</th> |
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</tr> |
</tr> |
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<tr valign="top"><td> |
<tr valign="top"><td>Sue is reading the [[video policy]]. |
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*First letter of target is automatically capitalized. |
*First letter of target is automatically capitalized. |
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*Internally spaces are automatically represented as underscores (typing an underscore has the same effect as typing a space, but is not recommended). |
*Internally spaces are automatically represented as underscores (typing an underscore has the same effect as typing a space, but is not recommended). |
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Thus the link above is to <nowiki>http:// |
Thus the link above is to <nowiki>http://meta.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_policy</nowiki>, which is the page with the name "Video policy". |
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</td> |
</td> |
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<td><pre><nowiki> |
<td><pre><nowiki>Sue is reading the [[video policy]].</nowiki></pre> |
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</td> |
</td> |
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</tr> |
</tr> |
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<tr><td> |
<tr><td> |
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Link to a section on a page, e.g. |
Link to a section on a page, e.g. |
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[[List_of_cities_by_country#Morocco]] (links to non-existent sections aren't really broken, they are treated as links to the page, i.e. to the top)</td><td> |
[[List_of_cities_by_country#Morocco]] (links to non-existent sections aren't really broken, they are treated as links to the page, i.e. to the top)</td><td> |
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<nowiki>[[List_of_cities_by_country#Morocco]]</nowiki></td>. |
<nowiki>[[List_of_cities_by_country#Morocco]]</nowiki></td>. |
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</tr> |
</tr> |
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<tr valign="top"><td>Same target, different name ("[[EnWikipedia:piped link|piped link]]"): [[User:Larry Sanger|answers]]. |
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<tr valign="top"><td>Same target, different name ("[[piped link]]"): [[wikipedia FAQ|answers]]. |
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</td> |
</td> |
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<td><pre><nowiki>Same target, different name: |
<td><pre><nowiki>Same target, different name: |
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[[ |
[[User:Larry Sanger|answers]]</nowiki></pre> |
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</td> |
</td> |
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</tr> |
</tr> |
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<tr valign="top"> |
<tr valign="top"> |
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<td>Endings are blended into the link: [[test]]ing, [[gene]]s |
<td>Endings are blended into the link: [[test]]ing, [[gene]]s |
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</td> |
</td> |
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<td> |
<td> |
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<pre><nowiki>Endings are blended |
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<pre><nowiki>Endings are blended |
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into the link: [[test]]ing, [[gene]]s</nowiki></pre> |
into the link: [[test]]ing, [[gene]]s</nowiki></pre> |
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</td> |
</td> |
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</tr> |
</tr> |
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<tr valign="top"> |
<tr valign="top"> |
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<td> |
<td> |
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Automatically hide stuff in parentheses: [[kingdom (biology)|kingdom]]. |
Automatically hide stuff in parentheses: [[kingdom (biology)|kingdom]]. |
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<p>Automatically hide namespace: [[Wikipedia:Village |
<p>Automatically hide namespace: [[Wikipedia:Village pump|Village pump]]. |
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<p>The server fills in the part after the | when you save the page. Next time you open the edit box you will see the expanded piped link. A preview interprets the abbreviated form correctly, but does not expand it yet in the edit box. Press Save and again Edit, and you will see the expanded version. The same applies for the following feature. |
<p>The server fills in the part after the | when you save the page. Next time you open the edit box you will see the expanded piped link. A preview interprets the abbreviated form correctly, but does not expand it yet in the edit box. Press Save and again Edit, and you will see the expanded version. The same applies for the following feature. |
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</td> |
</td> |
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<td> |
<td> |
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<pre><nowiki>Automatically hide stuff in parentheses: |
<pre><nowiki>Automatically hide stuff in parentheses: |
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[[kingdom (biology)|]]. </nowiki></pre> |
[[kingdom (biology)|]]. </nowiki></pre> |
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<pre><nowiki>Automatically hide namespace: |
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[[Wikipedia:Village pump|]].</nowiki></pre> |
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<pre><nowiki>Automatically hide namespace: |
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[[Wikipedia:Village Pump|]].</nowiki></pre> |
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</td></tr> |
</td></tr> |
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<tr> |
<tr> |
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<td>When adding a comment to a Talk page, |
<td>When adding a comment to a Talk page, |
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you should sign it. You can do this by |
you should sign it. You can do this by |
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adding three tildes for your user name: |
adding three tildes for your user name: |
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: [[User: |
: [[User:Karl Wick|Karl Wick]] |
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or four for user name plus date/time: |
or four for user name plus date/time: |
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: [[User: |
: [[User:Karl Wick|Karl Wick]] 08:10 Oct 5, 2002 (UTC)</td> |
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<td><pre><nowiki>When adding a comment to a Talk page, |
<td><pre><nowiki>When adding a comment to a Talk page, |
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you should sign it. You can do this by |
you should sign it. You can do this by |
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</td> |
</td> |
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</tr> |
</tr> |
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<tr valign="top"><td>[[The weather in London]] is a page that doesn't |
<tr valign="top"><td>[[The weather in London]] is a page that doesn't |
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exist yet. |
exist yet. |
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*You can create it by clicking on the link. |
*You can create it by clicking on the link. |
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*To create a new page: |
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*To create a new page: |
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*#Create a link to it on some other page. |
*#Create a link to it on some other page. |
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*#Save that page. |
*#Save that page. |
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*#Click on the link you just made. The new page will open for editing. |
*#Click on the link you just made. The new page will open for editing. |
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*Have a look at [[ |
*Have a look at [[MediaWiki User's Guide: Starting a new page|how to start a page]] guide and the naming conventions page for your project. |
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*After creating a page, search for its title and make sure that everyone correctly links to it. |
*After creating a page, search for its title and make sure that everyone correctly links to it. |
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</td> |
</td> |
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<td><pre><nowiki>[[The weather in London]] is a page |
<td><pre><nowiki>[[The weather in London]] is a page |
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that doesn't exist yet.</nowiki></pre> |
that doesn't exist yet.</nowiki></pre> |
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</td> |
</td> |
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</tr> |
</tr> |
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<tr valign="top"><td> |
<tr valign="top"><td> |
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[[ |
[[MediaWiki User's Guide: Using redirects|Redirect]] one article title to another by putting text like this in its first line. |
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</td> |
</td> |
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<td><pre><nowiki>#REDIRECT [[United States]]</nowiki></pre> |
<td><pre><nowiki>#REDIRECT [[United States]]</nowiki></pre> |
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</td> |
</td> |
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</tr> |
</tr> |
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<tr valign="top"><td> |
<tr valign="top"><td> |
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For a special way to link to the |
For a special way to link to the page on the same subject in another language or on another wiki, see [[MediaWiki User's Guide: Interwiki linking]]. |
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</td> |
</td> |
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<td> </td> |
<td> </td> |
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</tr> |
</tr> |
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<tr valign="top"><td>External link: [http://www.nupedia.com Nupedia] |
<tr valign="top"><td>External link: [http://www.nupedia.com Nupedia] |
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</td> |
</td> |
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<td><pre><nowiki>External link: |
<td><pre><nowiki>External link: |
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[http://www.nupedia.com Nupedia]</nowiki></pre> |
[http://www.nupedia.com Nupedia]</nowiki></pre> |
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</td> |
</td> |
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</tr> |
</tr> |
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<tr valign="top"><td>Or just give the URL: http://www.nupedia.com. |
<tr valign="top"><td>Or just give the URL: http://www.nupedia.com. |
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*In the [[EnWikipedia:URL|URL]] all symbols must be among: A-Z a-z 0-9 ._\/~%-+&#?!=()@ \x80-\xFF. If a URL contains a different character it should be converted; for example, ^ has to be written %5E (to be looked up in [[EnWikipedia:ASCII|ASCII]]). |
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*In the [[URL]] all symbols must be among: A-Z a-z 0-9 ._\/~%-+&#?!=()@ \x80-\xFF. If a URL contains a different character it should be converted; for example, ^ has to be written %5E (to be looked up in [[ASCII]]). |
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</td> |
</td> |
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<td><pre><nowiki>Or just give the URL: |
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<td><pre><nowiki>Or just give the URL: |
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http://www.nupedia.com.</nowiki></pre> |
http://www.nupedia.com.</nowiki></pre> |
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</td> |
</td> |
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</tr> |
</tr> |
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<tr valign="top"><td>A picture: [[Image:Wiki.png|Wikipedia - The Free Encyclopedia]] |
<tr valign="top"><td>A picture: [[Image:Wiki.png|Wikipedia - The Free Encyclopedia]] |
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* Only images that have been uploaded to Wikibooks can be used. To upload images, use the [[Special:Upload|upload page]]. You can find the uploaded image on the [[Special:Imagelist|image list]]. See [[Wikibooks:Image use policy]] for many more hints. |
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* Only images that have been uploaded to Wikipedia can be used. To upload images, use the [[Special:Upload|upload page]]. You can find the uploaded image on the [[Special:Imagelist|image list]]. See [[Wikipedia:Image use policy]] for many more hints. |
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</td> |
</td> |
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<td><pre><nowiki> |
<td><pre><nowiki> |
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<pre><nowiki>[[Image:Wiki.png|Wikipedia - The Free Encyclopedia]] </nowiki> |
<pre><nowiki>[[Image:Wiki.png|Wikipedia - The Free Encyclopedia]] </nowiki> |
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</pre> |
</pre> |
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[[EnWikipedia:Web browser|Web browser]]s render alternate text when not displaying an image -- for example, when the image isn't loaded, or in a text-only browser, or when spoken aloud. See [[MediaWiki User's Guide: Alternate text for images|Alternate text for images]] for help on choosing alternate text. |
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Browsers render alternate text when not displaying an image -- for example, when the image isn't loaded, or in a text-only browser, or when spoken aloud. See [[Wikipedia:Alternate text for images|Alternate text for images]] for help on choosing alternate text. |
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</td> |
</td> |
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</tr> |
</tr> |
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<tr> |
<tr> |
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<td> |
<td> |
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</td> |
</td> |
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<td><pre><nowiki> |
<td><pre><nowiki> |
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[[:Image:Wiki.png]] |
[[:Image:Wiki.png]] |
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</nowiki></pre> |
</nowiki></pre> |
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</td> |
</td> |
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</tr> |
</tr> |
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<tr> |
<tr> |
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<td> |
<td> |
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To include links to non-image uploads such as sounds, or to images shown as links instead of drawn on the page, use a "media" link. |
To include links to non-image uploads such as sounds, or to images shown as links instead of drawn on the page, use a "media" link. |
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<br>[[media:Sg_mrob.ogg|Sound]] |
<br>[[media:Sg_mrob.ogg|Sound]] |
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<br> |
<br> |
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<pre> |
<pre> |
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<nowiki> |
<nowiki> |
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[[media:Sg_mrob.ogg|Sound]] |
[[media:Sg_mrob.ogg|Sound]] |
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[[media:Tornado.jpg|Image of a Tornado]] |
[[media:Tornado.jpg|Image of a Tornado]] |
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</nowiki></pre></td></tr> |
</nowiki></pre></td></tr> |
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<tr> |
<tr> |
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<td> |
<td> |
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To link to books, you can use [[ |
To link to books, you can use [[EnWikipedia:ISBN|ISBN]] links. |
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ISBN 0123456789X |
ISBN 0123456789X |
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</td> |
</td> |
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<nowiki>ISBN 0123456789X</nowiki> |
<nowiki>ISBN 0123456789X</nowiki> |
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</table> |
</table> |
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== Character formatting == |
== Character formatting == |
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<table border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"> |
<table border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"> |
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<tr> |
<tr> |
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<th>What you type</th> |
<th>What you type</th> |
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</tr> |
</tr> |
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<tr valign="top"><td> |
<tr valign="top"><td> |
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''Emphasize'', '''strongly''', '''''very strongly'''''. |
''Emphasize'', '''strongly''', '''''very strongly'''''. |
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</td> |
</td> |
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<td> |
<td> |
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<pre><nowiki>''Emphasize'', '''strongly''', |
<pre><nowiki>''Emphasize'', '''strongly''', |
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'''''very strongly'''''.</nowiki></pre> |
'''''very strongly'''''.</nowiki></pre> |
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</td> |
</td> |
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</tr> |
</tr> |
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<tr valign="top"><td> |
<tr valign="top"><td> |
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You can also write <i>italic</i> and <b>bold</b> |
You can also write <i>italic</i> and <b>bold</b> |
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if the desired effect is a specific font style |
if the desired effect is a specific font style |
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rather than emphasis, as in mathematical formulae: |
rather than emphasis, as in mathematical formulae: |
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:<b>F</b> = <i>m</i><b>a</b> |
:<b>F</b> = <i>m</i><b>a</b> |
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*However, the difference between these two methods is not very important for graphical browsers, and many people choose to ignore it. |
*However, the difference between these two methods is not very important for graphical browsers, and many people choose to ignore it. |
||
</td> |
</td> |
||
Line 420: | Line 341: | ||
if the desired effect is a specific font style |
if the desired effect is a specific font style |
||
rather than emphasis, as in mathematical formulas: |
rather than emphasis, as in mathematical formulas: |
||
:<b>F</b> = <i>m</i><b>a</b></nowiki></pre><!-- that's not a mathematical formula, though -- sure it is, just because it's being applied to physics doesn't make it stop being mathematics --> |
:<b>F</b> = <i>m</i><b>a</b></nowiki></pre><!-- that's not a mathematical formula, though -- sure it is, just because it's being applied to physics doesn't make it stop being mathematics --> |
||
</td> |
</td> |
||
</tr> |
</tr> |
||
<tr valign=top> |
<tr valign=top> |
||
<td>A typewriter font for <tt>technical terms</tt>. |
<td>A typewriter font for <tt>technical terms</tt>. |
||
Line 431: | Line 350: | ||
</td><!-- tt is really 'teletype', not 'technical term' --> |
</td><!-- tt is really 'teletype', not 'technical term' --> |
||
</tr> |
</tr> |
||
<tr valign=top> |
<tr valign=top> |
||
<td>You can use <small>small text</small> for captions. |
<td>You can use <small>small text</small> for captions. |
||
Line 438: | Line 356: | ||
</td> |
</td> |
||
</tr> |
</tr> |
||
<tr valign="top"><td>You can <strike>strike out deleted material</strike> |
<tr valign="top"><td>You can <strike>strike out deleted material</strike> |
||
and <u>underline new material</u>. |
and <u>underline new material</u>. |
||
Line 446: | Line 363: | ||
</td> |
</td> |
||
</tr> |
</tr> |
||
<tr valign="top"> |
<tr valign="top"> |
||
<td> |
<td> |
||
'''Umlauts and accents:''' (See [[ |
'''Umlauts and accents:''' (See [[Wikibooks:Special characters]])<br> |
||
À Á Â Ã Ä Å <br> |
À Á Â Ã Ä Å <br> |
||
Æ Ç È É Ê Ë <br> |
Æ Ç È É Ê Ë <br> |
||
Line 467: | Line 383: | ||
</td> |
</td> |
||
<td><pre><nowiki> |
<td><pre><nowiki> |
||
&Agrave; &Aacute; &Acirc; &Atilde; &Auml; &Aring; |
|||
&AElig; &Ccedil; &Egrave; &Eacute; &Ecirc; &Euml; |
|||
& |
&Igrave; &Iacute; &Icirc; &Iuml; &Ntilde; &Ograve; |
||
& |
&Oacute; &Ocirc; &Otilde; &Ouml; &Oslash; &Ugrave; |
||
& |
&Uacute; &Ucirc; &Uuml; &szlig; &agrave; &aacute; |
||
& |
&acirc; &atilde; &auml; &aring; &aelig; &ccedil; |
||
&Uacute; &Ucirc; &Uuml; &szlig; &agrave; &aacute; |
|||
&acirc; &atilde; &auml; &aring; &aelig; &ccedil; |
|||
&egrave; &eacute; &ecirc; &euml; &igrave; &iacute; |
&egrave; &eacute; &ecirc; &euml; &igrave; &iacute; |
||
&icirc; &iuml; &ntilde; &ograve; &oacute; &ocirc; |
&icirc; &iuml; &ntilde; &ograve; &oacute; &ocirc; |
||
&oelig; &otilde; &ouml; &oslash; &ugrave; &uacute; |
&oelig; &otilde; &ouml; &oslash; &ugrave; &uacute; |
||
&ucirc; &uuml; &yuml;</nowiki></pre></td> |
&ucirc; &uuml; &yuml;</nowiki></pre></td> |
||
</tr> |
</tr> |
||
<tr valign=top> |
<tr valign=top> |
||
<td> |
<td> |
||
Line 488: | Line 401: | ||
</td> |
</td> |
||
<td><pre><nowiki> |
<td><pre><nowiki> |
||
&iquest; &iexcl; &laquo; &raquo; &sect; &para; |
&iquest; &iexcl; &laquo; &raquo; &sect; &para; |
||
&dagger; &Dagger; &bull; &mdash;</nowiki></pre></td> |
&dagger; &Dagger; &bull; &mdash;</nowiki></pre></td> |
||
</tr> |
</tr> |
||
<tr valign="top"> |
<tr valign="top"> |
||
<td> |
<td> |
||
Line 499: | Line 410: | ||
£ ¤</td> |
£ ¤</td> |
||
<td><pre><nowiki> |
<td><pre><nowiki> |
||
&trade; &copy; &reg; &cent; &euro; &yen; |
|||
&trade; &copy; &reg; &cent; &euro; &yen; |
|||
&pound; &curren; |
&pound; &curren; |
||
</nowiki></pre></td> |
</nowiki></pre></td> |
||
</tr> |
</tr> |
||
<tr valign="top"><td>Subscript: x<sub>2</sub><br> |
<tr valign="top"><td>Subscript: x<sub>2</sub><br> |
||
Superscript: x<sup>2</sup> or x² |
Superscript: x<sup>2</sup> or x² |
||
Line 511: | Line 420: | ||
8.85 × 10<sup>−12</sup> |
8.85 × 10<sup>−12</sup> |
||
C² / J m.</td> |
C² / J m.</td> |
||
<td><pre><nowiki>Subscript: x<sub>2</sub> |
<td><pre><nowiki>Subscript: x<sub>2</sub> |
||
Superscript: x<sup>2</sup> or x&sup2; |
Superscript: x<sup>2</sup> or x&sup2; |
||
&epsilon;<sub>0</sub> = |
&epsilon;<sub>0</sub> = |
||
8.85 &times; 10<sup>&minus;12</sup> |
8.85 &times; 10<sup>&minus;12</sup> |
||
C&sup2; / J m.</nowiki></pre></td> |
C&sup2; / J m.</nowiki></pre></td> |
||
</tr> |
</tr> |
||
<tr valign="top"><td>'''Greek characters:''' <br> |
<tr valign="top"><td>'''Greek characters:''' <br> |
||
α β γ δ ε ζ <br> |
α β γ δ ε ζ <br> |
||
Line 529: | Line 435: | ||
</td> |
</td> |
||
<td><pre><nowiki> |
<td><pre><nowiki> |
||
&alpha; &beta; &gamma; &delta; &epsilon; &zeta; |
|||
& |
&eta; &theta; &iota; &kappa; &lambda; &mu; &nu; |
||
&eta; &theta; &iota; &kappa; &lambda; &mu; &nu; |
|||
&xi; &omicron; &pi; &rho; &sigma; &sigmaf; |
&xi; &omicron; &pi; &rho; &sigma; &sigmaf; |
||
&tau; &upsilon; &phi; &chi; &psi; &omega; |
&tau; &upsilon; &phi; &chi; &psi; &omega; |
||
&Gamma; &Delta; &Theta; &Lambda; &Xi; &Pi; |
&Gamma; &Delta; &Theta; &Lambda; &Xi; &Pi; |
||
&Sigma; &Phi; &Psi; &Omega; |
&Sigma; &Phi; &Psi; &Omega; |
||
</nowiki></pre></td> |
</nowiki></pre></td> |
||
Line 549: | Line 453: | ||
¬ ∧ ∨ ∃ ∀ ⇒ ⇔<br> |
¬ ∧ ∨ ∃ ∀ ⇒ ⇔<br> |
||
→ ↔<br> |
→ ↔<br> |
||
(See also [[ |
(See also [[Wikibooks:WikiBookProject Mathematics|WikiBookProject Mathematics]]) |
||
</td> |
</td> |
||
<td valign="middle"><pre><nowiki> |
<td valign="middle"><pre><nowiki> |
||
Line 560: | Line 464: | ||
&rarr; &harr;</nowiki></pre></td> |
&rarr; &harr;</nowiki></pre></td> |
||
</tr> |
</tr> |
||
<tr valign="top"><td><i>x</i><sup>2</sup> ≥ 0 true. |
<tr valign="top"><td><i>x</i><sup>2</sup> ≥ 0 true. |
||
*To space things out, use non-breaking spaces - <tt>&nbsp;</tt>. |
*To space things out, use non-breaking spaces - <tt>&nbsp;</tt>. |
||
Line 569: | Line 472: | ||
</nowiki></pre></td> |
</nowiki></pre></td> |
||
</tr> |
</tr> |
||
<tr> |
<tr> |
||
<td> |
<td> |
||
'''Complicated formulae:'''<br> |
'''Complicated formulae:'''<br> |
||
<math>\sum_{n=0}^\infty \frac{x^n}{n!}</math> |
<math>\sum_{n=0}^\infty \frac{x^n}{n!}</math> |
||
* See [[ |
* See [[MediaWiki User's Guide: Editing mathematical formulae:TeX markup|]] |
||
</td> |
</td> |
||
<td><pre><nowiki> |
<td><pre><nowiki> |
||
<math>\sum_{n=0}^\infty \frac{x^n}{n!}</math> |
<math>\sum_{n=0}^\infty \frac{x^n}{n!}</math> |
||
</nowiki></pre> |
</nowiki></pre> |
||
</td> |
</td> |
||
</tr> |
</tr> |
||
<tr> |
<tr> |
||
<td> |
<td> |
||
'''Suppressing interpretation of markup:'''<br> |
'''Suppressing interpretation of markup:'''<br> |
||
<nowiki>Link → (<i>to</i>) the [[ |
<nowiki>Link → (<i>to</i>) the [[Wikibooks FAQ]]</nowiki> |
||
* Used to show literal data that would otherwise have special meaning. |
* Used to show literal data that would otherwise have special meaning. |
||
* Escapes all |
* Escapes all wiki markup, including that which looks like HTML tags. |
||
* Does not escape HTML character entities. |
* Does not escape HTML character entities. |
||
</td> |
</td> |
||
<td> |
<td> |
||
<pre><nowiki><nowiki>Link &rarr; (<i>to</i>) |
<pre><nowiki><nowiki>Link &rarr; (<i>to</i>) |
||
the [[ |
the [[FAQ]]</nowiki></nowiki></pre> |
||
</td> |
</td> |
||
</tr> |
</tr> |
||
<tr> |
<tr> |
||
<td> |
<td> |
||
Line 610: | Line 510: | ||
== Tables == |
== Tables == |
||
HTML tables can be quite useful as well. For details on how to use them and discussion about when they are appropriate, see [[MediaWiki User's Guide: Using tables]]. |
|||
=== Placement of the Table of Contents (TOC) === |
|||
At the current status of the wiki makup language, at least four headers trigger the TOC in front of the first header (or after introductory sections). Putting <nowiki>__NOTOC__ </nowiki> anywhere forces the TOC to disappear. |
|||
=== HTML tables === |
|||
[[HTML]] tables can be quite useful as well. For details on how to use them and discussion about when they are appropriate, see [[Wikipedia:How to use tables]]. |
|||
==See also== |
==See also== |
||
*[[UseModWiki]] and [[Wikipedia:PHP script]]. |
*[[EnWikipedia:UseModWiki|UseModWiki]] and [[EnWikipedia:Wikipedia:PHP script|Wikipedia:PHP script]]. |
||
*[[HTML tag]]. |
*[[EnWikipedia:HTML tag|HTML tag]]. |
||
*[[MediaWiki User's Guide: Administrators#Protecting pages | Protecting pages]] |
|||
*[[Wikipedia:Protected page]] |
|||
[[da:Wikipedia:Hvordan redigerer jeg en side]] |
|||
[[de:Wikipedia:Wie man eine Seite bearbeitet]] |
|||
[[es:Cómo se edita una página]] |
|||
[[eo:Kiel redakti pagxon]] |
|||
[[fr:Wikipédia:Comment modifier une page]] |
|||
[[hu:Wikipédia:Hogyan szerkessz egy lapot]] |
|||
[[ja:Wikipedia:編集の仕方]] |
|||
[[ro:Wikipedia:Cum să editezi o pagină]] |
|||
[[sv:Wikipedia:Hur man redigerar en sida]] |
|||
[[za:Woans_Geiht_Dat_Schriewen]] |
|||
[[zh:Wikipedia:%E5%A6%82%E4%BD%95%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2]] |
|||
[[ru:Как редактировать страницу]] |
Revision as of 04:33, 31 August 2003
It's very easy to edit a MediaWiki page. Simply click on the "Edit this page" link at the top or bottom (also on the sidebar) of a Wiki page to change the page itself, or click on "Discuss this page" link and then on "Edit this page" to write on the corresponding talk page. This will bring you to a page with a text box containing the editable text of that Wiki page.
Then type away, write a short edit summary on the small field below the edit-box and when finished press "Save"! You can also preview your changes before saving if you like. Depending on your system, pressing Enter while the edit box is not active (there is no typing cursor in it) may have the same effect as pressing Save.
It is often more convenient to copy and paste the text first into your favorite text editor, edit and spell check there, and then paste back into your web browser to preview. This way, you can also keep a local backup copy of the pages you authored so that you can make changes offline.
Minor edits
When editing a page, a logged-in user has the option of flagging the edit as a "minor edit". When to use this is somewhat a matter of personal preference. The rule of thumb is that an edit of a page that is spelling corrections, formatting, and minor rearranging of text should be flagged as a "minor edit". A major edit is basically something that makes the entry worth relooking at for somebody who wants to watch the article rather closely, so any "real" change, even if it is a single word. This feature is important, because users can choose to hide minor edits in their view of the Recent Changes page, to keep the volume of edits down to a manageable level.
The reason for not allowing a user who is not logged in to mark an edit as minor is that vandalism could then be marked as a minor edit, in which case it would stay unnoticed longer. This limitation is another reason to log in.
The wiki markup
In the left column of the table below, you can see what effects are possible. In the right column, you can see how those effects were achieved. In other words, to make text look like it looks in the left column, type it in the format you see in the right column.
You may want to keep this page open in a separate browser window for reference. If you want to try out things without danger of doing any harm, you can do so in the Sandbox.
Sections, paragraphs, lists and lines
What it looks like | What you type |
---|---|
Start your sections with header lines: New sectionSubsectionSub-subsection |
== New section == === Subsection === ==== Sub-subsection ==== |
A single newline has no effect on the layout. These can be used to separate sentences within a paragraph. Some editors find that this aids editing and improves the diff function. But an empty line starts a new paragraph. |
A single [[EnWikipedia:newline|newline]] has no effect on the layout. These can be used to separate sentences within a paragraph. Some editors find that this aids editing and improves the ''diff'' function. But an empty line starts a new paragraph. |
You can break lines without starting a new paragraph. |
You can break lines<br> without starting a new paragraph. |
|
* Lists are easy to do: ** start every line with a star ** more stars means deeper levels |
|
# Numbered lists are also good ## very organized ## easy to follow |
|
* You can even do mixed lists *# and nest them *#* like this |
|
; Definition list : list of definitions ; item : the item's definition |
A manual newline starts a new paragraph.
|
: A colon indents a line or paragraph. A manual newline starts a new paragraph. |
IF a line starts with a space THEN it will be formatted exactly as typed; in a fixed-width font; lines won't wrap; ENDIF this is useful for: * pasting preformatted text; * algorithm descriptions; * program source code * ascii art; WARNING If you make it wide, you force the whole page to be wide and hence less readable. Never start ordinary lines with spaces. |
IF a line starts with a space THEN it will be formatted exactly as typed; in a fixed-width font; lines won't wrap; ENDIF this is useful for: * pasting preformatted text; * algorithm descriptions; * program source code * ascii art; |
<center>Centered text.</center> |
|
A horizontal dividing line: above
and below. Mainly useful for separating threads on Talk pages. |
A horizontal dividing line: above ---- and below. |
Links, URLs, images
What it looks like | What you type |
---|---|
Sue is reading the video policy.
Thus the link above is to http://meta.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_policy, which is the page with the name "Video policy". |
Sue is reading the [[video policy]]. |
Link to a section on a page, e.g. List_of_cities_by_country#Morocco (links to non-existent sections aren't really broken, they are treated as links to the page, i.e. to the top) | [[List_of_cities_by_country#Morocco]] |
Same target, different name ("piped link"): answers. | Same target, different name: [[User:Larry Sanger|answers]] |
Endings are blended into the link: testing, genes |
Endings are blended into the link: [[test]]ing, [[gene]]s |
Automatically hide stuff in parentheses: kingdom. Automatically hide namespace: Village pump. The server fills in the part after the | when you save the page. Next time you open the edit box you will see the expanded piped link. A preview interprets the abbreviated form correctly, but does not expand it yet in the edit box. Press Save and again Edit, and you will see the expanded version. The same applies for the following feature. |
Automatically hide stuff in parentheses: [[kingdom (biology)|]]. Automatically hide namespace: [[Wikipedia:Village pump|]]. |
When adding a comment to a Talk page,
you should sign it. You can do this by adding three tildes for your user name: or four for user name plus date/time:
|
When adding a comment to a Talk page, you should sign it. You can do this by adding three tildes for your user name: : ~~~ or four for user name plus date/time: : ~~~~ |
The weather in London is a page that doesn't
exist yet.
|
[[The weather in London]] is a page that doesn't exist yet. |
Redirect one article title to another by putting text like this in its first line. |
#REDIRECT [[United States]] |
For a special way to link to the page on the same subject in another language or on another wiki, see MediaWiki User's Guide: Interwiki linking. |
|
External link: Nupedia | External link: [http://www.nupedia.com Nupedia] |
Or just give the URL: http://www.nupedia.com. | Or just give the URL: http://www.nupedia.com. |
A picture:
|
A picture: [[Image:Wiki.png]] or, with alternate text (strongly encouraged) [[Image:Wiki.png|Wikipedia - The Free Encyclopedia]] Web browsers render alternate text when not displaying an image -- for example, when the image isn't loaded, or in a text-only browser, or when spoken aloud. See Alternate text for images for help on choosing alternate text. |
Clicking on an uploaded image displays a description page, which you can also link directly to: Image:Wiki.png |
[[:Image:Wiki.png]] |
To include links to non-image uploads such as sounds, or to images shown as links instead of drawn on the page, use a "media" link.
|
[[media:Sg_mrob.ogg|Sound]] [[media:Tornado.jpg|Image of a Tornado]] |
To link to books, you can use ISBN links. ISBN 0123456789X |
ISBN 0123456789X |
Character formatting
What it looks like | What you type |
---|---|
Emphasize, strongly, very strongly.
|
''Emphasize'', '''strongly''', '''''very strongly'''''. |
You can also write italic and bold if the desired effect is a specific font style rather than emphasis, as in mathematical formulae:
|
You can also write <i>italic</i> and <b>bold</b> if the desired effect is a specific font style rather than emphasis, as in mathematical formulas: :<b>F</b> = <i>m</i><b>a</b> |
A typewriter font for technical terms. | A typewriter font for <tt>technical terms</tt>. |
You can use small text for captions. | You can use <small>small text</small> for captions. |
You can and underline new material. |
You can <strike>strike out deleted material</strike> and <u>underline new material</u>. |
Umlauts and accents: (See Wikibooks:Special characters) |
À Á Â Ã Ä Å Æ Ç È É Ê Ë Ì Í Î Ï Ñ Ò Ó Ô Õ Ö Ø Ù Ú Û Ü ß à á â ã ä å æ ç è é ê ë ì í î ï ñ ò ó ô œ õ ö ø ù ú û ü ÿ |
Punctuation: |
¿ ¡ « » § ¶ † ‡ • — |
Commercial symbols: |
™ © ® ¢ € ¥ £ ¤ |
Subscript: x2 Superscript: x2 or x²
ε0 = 8.85 × 10−12 C² / J m. |
Subscript: x<sub>2</sub> Superscript: x<sup>2</sup> or x² ε<sub>0</sub> = 8.85 × 10<sup>−12</sup> C² / J m. |
Greek characters: α β γ δ ε ζ |
α β γ δ ε ζ η θ ι κ λ μ ν ξ ο π ρ σ ς τ υ φ χ ψ ω Γ Δ Θ Λ Ξ Π Σ Φ Ψ Ω |
Math characters: |
∫ ∑ ∏ √ − ± ∞ ≈ ∝ ≡ ≠ ≤ ≥ → × · ÷ ∂ ′ ″ ∇ ‰ ° ∴ ℵ ø ∈ ∉ ∩ ∪ ⊂ ⊃ ⊆ ⊇ ¬ ∧ ∨ ∃ ∀ ⇒ ⇔ → ↔ |
x2 ≥ 0 true.
|
<i>x</i><sup>2</sup> ≥ 0 true. |
Complicated formulae:
|
<math>\sum_{n=0}^\infty \frac{x^n}{n!}</math> |
Suppressing interpretation of markup:
|
<nowiki>Link → (<i>to</i>) the [[FAQ]]</nowiki> |
Commenting page source:
|
<!-- comment here --> |
Tables
HTML tables can be quite useful as well. For details on how to use them and discussion about when they are appropriate, see MediaWiki User's Guide: Using tables.