Father's Day and Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux: Difference between pages

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[[Image:Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux's marble sculpture 'Ugolino and his Sons', Metropolitan Museum of Art.jpg|thumb|right|400px|Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux's marble sculpture 'Ugolino and his Sons', Metropolitan Museum of Art]]
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[[Image:Jean-Baptiste_Carpeaux_La_Danse.jpg|thumb|right|400px|La Danse (The Dance), Opera Garnier in Paris]]
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{{Commonscat}}
{{Infobox Holiday |
|holiday_name=Father's Day
|observedby=Many countries
|date=Varies regionally
|type=Historical
|relatedto=[[Mother's Day]]
}}
'''Father's Day''' is a primarily [[secular]] [[holiday]] inaugurated in the early [[20th century]] to complement [[Mother's Day]] in celebrating [[father]]hood and [[parenting]] by males, and to honor and commemorate fathers and forefathers. Father's Day is celebrated on a variety of dates worldwide, and typically involves gift-giving to fathers and [[family]]-oriented activities.


'''Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux''' ([[May 11]], [[1827]], [[Valenciennes]] –[[October 12]], [[1875]], [[Courbevoie]]) was a French sculptor and painter. His early studies were under [[François Rude]]. Carpeaux won the [[Prix de Rome]] in [[1854]], and moving to [[Rome]] to find inspiration, he there studied the works of [[Michelangelo Buonarroti|Michelangelo]], [[Donatello]] and [[Andrea del Verrocchio|Verrocchio]]. Staying in Rome from [[1854]] to [[1861]], he obtained a taste for movement and spontaneity, which he joined with the great principles of [[baroque art]]. In [[1861]] he made a bust of [[Mathilde Bonaparte|Princess Mathilde]], and this later brought him several commissions from [[Napoleon III]]. He worked at the pavilion of [[Flora (goddess)|Flora]], and the [[Opéra Garnier]]. His group La Danse (the Dance, [[1869]]), situated on the right side of the façade, was criticised as an offence to common decency.
== Dates ==
The officially recognized date of Father's Day varies from country to country. This section lists some significant examples.
{| class="wikitable"
|Third Sunday of [[June]]|| [[Argentina]], [[Bangladesh]], [[Bulgaria]], [[Canada]], [[Chile]], [[China]], [[Colombia]], [[Costa Rica]], [[Cuba]], [[Cyprus]], [[France]], [[Greece]], [[Hong Kong]], [[India]], [[Republic of Ireland|Ireland]], [[Jamaica]], [[Japan]], [[Malaysia]], [[Malta]], [[Mauritius]], [[Mexico]], [[Netherlands]], [[Panama]], [[Pakistan]], [[Peru]], [[Philippines]], [[Puerto Rico]], [[Singapore]], [[Slovakia]], [[South Africa]], [[Sri Lanka]], [[Trinidad and Tobago]], [[Turkey]], [[United Kingdom]], [[United States]], [[Venezuela]], [[Zimbabwe]].
|-
|[[June]] 23|| [[Nicaragua]], [[Poland]], [[Uganda]]
|-
|[[July]] 30|| [[Vietnam]]
|-
|Third Sunday of [[July]]||[[Uruguay]]
|-
|Last Sunday of [[July]]|| [[Dominican Republic]]
|-
|23 [[Mordad]]|| [[Iran]]
|-
|Second Sunday of [[August]]|| [[Brazil]]
|-
|[[August]] 8|| [[Taiwan]]
|-
|First Sunday of [[September]]|| [[Australia]], [[New Zealand]]
|-
|Second Sunday of [[November]]|| [[Estonia]], [[Finland]], [[Norway]], [[Sweden]]
|-
|[[December]] 5|| [[Thailand]]
|-
|[[February]] 23 || [[Russia]], [[Ukraine]], [[Belarus]]
|-
|[[March]] 19|| [[Bolivia]], [[Honduras]], [[Italy]], [[Liechtenstein]], [[Portugal]], [[Spain]], [[Switzerland]]
|-
|[[May]] 5|| [[Romania]]
|-
|[[May]] 8|| [[South Korea]] ([[Parents' Day]])
|-
|[[Ascension Day]]|| [[Germany]]
|-
|First Sunday of [[June]]|| [[Lithuania]]
|-
|[[June]] 5 (Constitution Day)|| [[Denmark]]
|-
|Second Sunday of [[June]]|| [[Austria]], [[Belgium]], [[Ecuador]]
|-
|[[June]] 17|| [[El Salvador]], [[Guatemala]]
|-
|}


He never managed to finish his last work, the famous Fountain of the Four Parts of the Earth, on the Place Camille Jullian. He did finish the terrestrial globe, supported by the four figures of [[Asia]], [[Europe]], [[North America|America]] and [[Africa]], and it was [[Emmanuel Frémiet]] who completed the work by adding the eight leaping horses, the tortoises and the dolphins of the basin.
==International history and traditions==


=== United States ===
== Sculptures by Carpeaux ==
In the [[United States]], the first modern Father's Day celebration was held on [[July 5]], [[1908]], in [[Fairmont, West Virginia]]. <ref name="wvah1">{{cite news | last = Barth | first = Kelly | title = First Father's Day service in 1908 | publisher = Dominion Post (Morgantown, West Virginia) | date = [[June 21]], [[1987]] | url = http://www.wvculture.org/HiStory/miscellaneous/fathersday01.html | accessdate=2006-11-07}}</ref><ref name="wvah2">{{cite news | last = Smith | first = Vicki | title = The first Father's Day | publisher = Martinsburg Journal (Martinsburg, West Virginia) | date = [[June 15]], [[2003]] | url = http://www.wvculture.org/HiStory/miscellaneous/fathersday02.html | accessdate=2006-11-07}}</ref> It was first celebrated as a church service at Williams Memorial Methodist Episcopal Church South, now known as Central United Methodist Church. Grace Golden Clayton, who is believed to have suggested the service to the pastor which is believed to have been inspired to celebrate fathers after the [[Monongah Mining Disaster|deadly mine explosion]] in nearby [[Monongah, West Virginia|Monongah]] the prior December. This explosion killed 361 men, many of them fathers and recent immigrants to the United States from [[Italy]]. Another possible inspiration for the service was [[Mother's Day]], which had recently been celebrated for the first time in [[Grafton, West Virginia]], a town about 15 miles away. Father's day originates as far back as [[1839]] in celebration of the fathers that went to war in the [[Battle of Iransop]] in which 123 fathers lost their lives defending the outpost.


* Ugolin et ses fils - [[Ugolino della Gherardesca|Ugolino]] and his Sons (1861, in the permanent collection of the [[Metropolitan Museum of Art]])[[http://www.insecula.com/oeuvre/photo_ME0000009025.html]] with versions in other museums including the [[Musée d'Orsay]]
Another driving force behind the establishment of the integration of Father's Day was Mrs. [[Sonora Smart Dodd]], born in [[Creston, Washington|Creston]], [[Washington]]. Her father, the [[American Civil War|Civil War]] veteran [[William Jackson Smart]], as a single parent reared his six children in [[Spokane, Washington|Spokane]], Washington. She was inspired by [[Anna Jarvis]]'s efforts to establish Mother's Day. Although she initially suggested [[June 5]], the anniversary of her father's death, she did not provide the organizers with enough time to make arrangements, and the celebration was deferred to the third Sunday of June. The first June Father's Day was celebrated on [[June 19]], [[1910]], in Spokane, WA.
* The Dance (commissioned for the [[Palais Garnier|Opera Garnier]])
* Jeune pêcheur à la coquille - [[Naples|Neapolitan]] Fisherboy - in the [[Louvre]], [[Paris]] [[http://www.insecula.com/oeuvre/photo_ME0000034255.html]]
* Girl with Shell
* [[Antoine Watteau]] monument, [[Valenciennes]]


==Neapolitan Fisherboy==
Unofficial support from such figures as [[William Jennings Bryan]] was immediate and widespread. [[President of the United States|President]] [[Woodrow Wilson]] was personally feted by his family in 1916. President [[Calvin Coolidge]] recommended it as a national holiday in 1924. In 1966, President [[Lyndon Johnson]] made Father's Day a holiday to be celebrated on the third Sunday of June. The holiday was not officially recognized until 1972, during the presidency of [[Richard Nixon]].


Carpeaux submitted a plaster version of ''Pêcheur napolitain à la coquille'', the Neapolitan Fisherboy, to the [[French Academy]] while a student in [[Rome]]. He carved the marble version several years later, showing it in the Salon exhibition of 1863. It was purchased for [[Napoleon III]]'s empress, [[Eugénie de Montijo|Eugènie]]. The statue of the young smiling boy was very popular, and Carpeaux created a number of reproductions and variations in marble and bronze. There is a copy, for instance, in the Samuel H. Kress Collection in the [[National Gallery of Art]] in [[Washington D.C.]]
In recent years, [[retail]]ers have adapted to the holiday by promoting male-oriented [[gift]]s such as [[electronics]] ,[[tool]]s and [[greeting cards]]. Schools and other children's programs commonly have activities to make Father's Day gifts.


Some years later, he carved the Girl with a Shell, a very similar study.
===Roman Catholic tradition===
In the [[Roman Catholic]] tradition, Father's Day is celebrated on [[Saint Joseph's Day]], [[19 March]], though in most countries Father's Day is a secular celebration.


Carpeaux sought real life subjects in the streets and broke with the classical tradition. The Neapolitan Fisherboy's body is carved in intimate detail and shows an intricately balanced pose. Carpeaux claimed that he based the Neapolitan Fisherboy on a boy he had seen during a trip to [[Naples]].
===Germany===
[[Image:IMGP0879.JPG|thumb|Hiking tour at the ''Vatertag'']]
In Germany father's day, ''Vatertag'', is always celebrated on [[Ascension Day]] (the Thursday forty days after Easter). Regionally, it is also called men's day, ''Männertag'', or gentlemen's day, ''Herrentag''.


==External links==
It is tradition to do a hiking tour with one or more smaller wagons, [[:de:Bollerwagen|Bollerwagen]], pulled by manpower. In the wagons are [[wine]] or [[beer]] (according to region) and traditional regional food, ''Hausmannskost'', which could be ''[[Saumagen]]'', [[Liverwurst]], ''[[:de:Blutwurst|Blutwurst]]'' ([[Blood Sausage]]), vegetables, eggs, etc.
This tradition was famous in the years before WW II and in the 1950s - 70, but today it is unusual.


*[http://cartelfr.louvre.fr/cartelfr/visite?srv=rs_display_res&critere=jean+baptiste+carpeaux&operator=AND&nbToDisplay=5&langue=fr A page on the official Louvre site giving access to some of Carpeaux's works (French language only)]
===Taiwan===
*[http://www.insecula.com/contact/A005511_oeuvre_1.html A page from insecula.com listing more views of Carpeaux's works (also in French;] it may be necessary to close an advertising window to view this page)
Father's Day in Taiwan is not an official holiday but is widely observed on August 8th, which is the eighth day of the eighth month of the year. In mandarin Chinese, the pronunciation of the number 8 is ''ba''. This pronunciation is very similar to the character "爸", which means "Papa" or "father". Taiwanese, therefore, usually call August 8th in its nick name as "Ba Ba" Day.
*[http://www.studiolo.org/MMA-Ugolino/Ugolino.htm A page analysing Carpeaux's ''Ugolino'', with numerous illustrations]

==References==
<div class="references-small"><ref>Fathers Day the morning after [http://blog.yourseoconsulting.com/2007/05/fathers-day-text-link-ads-confirmed.html Historical Compilation of the origins of Fathers Day] By Elliot Black</ref><references/></div>

==External links==
* [http://dmoz.org/Society/Holidays/Father%27s_Day/ Category at ODP]


[[Category:Secular holidays]]
[[Category:French sculptors|Carpeaux, Jean-Baptiste]]
[[Category:Parenting]]
[[Category:1827 births|Carpeaux, Jean-Baptiste]]
[[Category:March observances]]
[[Category:1875 deaths|Carpeaux, Jean-Baptiste]]
[[Category:June observances]]
[[Category:September observances]]
[[Category:November observances]]


[[de:Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux]]
[[bg:Ден на бащата]]
[[da:Fars dag]]
[[fr:Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux]]
[[nl:Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux]]
[[de:Vatertag]]
[[pl:Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux]]
[[et:Isadepäev]]
[[pt:Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux]]
[[es:Día del Padre]]
[[zh:让-巴蒂斯·卡尔波]]
[[fr:Fête des pères]]
[[ga:Lá na nAithreacha]]
[[gl:Día do pai]]
[[lt:Tėvo diena]]
[[hu:Apák napja]]
[[nl:Vaderdag]]
[[ja:父の日]]
[[no:Farsdag]]
[[pl:Dzień Ojca]]
[[pt:Dia dos Pais]]
[[fi:Isänpäivä]]
[[sv:Fars dag]]
[[th:วันพ่อแห่งชาติ]]
[[tr:Babalar Günü]]
[[zh:父親節]]

Revision as of 01:07, 19 June 2007

Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux's marble sculpture 'Ugolino and his Sons', Metropolitan Museum of Art
La Danse (The Dance), Opera Garnier in Paris
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux.

Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux (May 11, 1827, Valenciennes –October 12, 1875, Courbevoie) was a French sculptor and painter. His early studies were under François Rude. Carpeaux won the Prix de Rome in 1854, and moving to Rome to find inspiration, he there studied the works of Michelangelo, Donatello and Verrocchio. Staying in Rome from 1854 to 1861, he obtained a taste for movement and spontaneity, which he joined with the great principles of baroque art. In 1861 he made a bust of Princess Mathilde, and this later brought him several commissions from Napoleon III. He worked at the pavilion of Flora, and the Opéra Garnier. His group La Danse (the Dance, 1869), situated on the right side of the façade, was criticised as an offence to common decency.

He never managed to finish his last work, the famous Fountain of the Four Parts of the Earth, on the Place Camille Jullian. He did finish the terrestrial globe, supported by the four figures of Asia, Europe, America and Africa, and it was Emmanuel Frémiet who completed the work by adding the eight leaping horses, the tortoises and the dolphins of the basin.

Sculptures by Carpeaux

Neapolitan Fisherboy

Carpeaux submitted a plaster version of Pêcheur napolitain à la coquille, the Neapolitan Fisherboy, to the French Academy while a student in Rome. He carved the marble version several years later, showing it in the Salon exhibition of 1863. It was purchased for Napoleon III's empress, Eugènie. The statue of the young smiling boy was very popular, and Carpeaux created a number of reproductions and variations in marble and bronze. There is a copy, for instance, in the Samuel H. Kress Collection in the National Gallery of Art in Washington D.C.

Some years later, he carved the Girl with a Shell, a very similar study.

Carpeaux sought real life subjects in the streets and broke with the classical tradition. The Neapolitan Fisherboy's body is carved in intimate detail and shows an intricately balanced pose. Carpeaux claimed that he based the Neapolitan Fisherboy on a boy he had seen during a trip to Naples.

External links

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