Talk:Sphere packing and Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux: Difference between pages
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[[Image:Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux's marble sculpture 'Ugolino and his Sons', Metropolitan Museum of Art.jpg|thumb|right|400px|Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux's marble sculpture 'Ugolino and his Sons', Metropolitan Museum of Art]] |
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{{physics|class=B|importance=low}} |
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[[Image:Jean-Baptiste_Carpeaux_La_Danse.jpg|thumb|right|400px|La Danse (The Dance), Opera Garnier in Paris]] |
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{{maths rating|class=B|importance=Mid|field=geometry}} |
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{{Commonscat}} |
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This page conflicts with [[kissing number problem]] where it claims that the densest packings are known up to 8-D. They are known for 1, 2, 3, 8, and 24 dimensions, but not others. -- [[User:Taral|Taral]] 21:33, 16 Aug 2004 (UTC) |
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'''Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux''' ([[May 11]], [[1827]], [[Valenciennes]] –[[October 12]], [[1875]], [[Courbevoie]]) was a French sculptor and painter. His early studies were under [[François Rude]]. Carpeaux won the [[Prix de Rome]] in [[1854]], and moving to [[Rome]] to find inspiration, he there studied the works of [[Michelangelo Buonarroti|Michelangelo]], [[Donatello]] and [[Andrea del Verrocchio|Verrocchio]]. Staying in Rome from [[1854]] to [[1861]], he obtained a taste for movement and spontaneity, which he joined with the great principles of [[baroque art]]. In [[1861]] he made a bust of [[Mathilde Bonaparte|Princess Mathilde]], and this later brought him several commissions from [[Napoleon III]]. He worked at the pavilion of [[Flora (goddess)|Flora]], and the [[Opéra Garnier]]. His group La Danse (the Dance, [[1869]]), situated on the right side of the façade, was criticised as an offence to common decency. |
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:I don't think there is a conflict here. [[Kissing number problem]] is a different problem from sphere/hypersphere packing. The kissing number problem depends on local packing properties whereas sphere/hypersphere packing concerns the global property of average density. Also note that the sphere packing article says "the densest ''regular'' packings of hyperspheres are known up to 8 dimensions" - regular packings are sometimes called lattice packings. It is possible that denser ''irregular'' packings may exist in some dimensions - indeed the major difficulty in solving the 3D case is in ruling out the existence of an irregular packing with an average density that is higher than that of the cubic/hexagonal close packing (see [[Kepler conjecture]]). See [http://mathworld.wolfram.com/HyperspherePacking.html MathWorld] for more details. [[User:Gandalf61|Gandalf61]] 09:15, Aug 17, 2004 (UTC) |
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He never managed to finish his last work, the famous Fountain of the Four Parts of the Earth, on the Place Camille Jullian. He did finish the terrestrial globe, supported by the four figures of [[Asia]], [[Europe]], [[North America|America]] and [[Africa]], and it was [[Emmanuel Frémiet]] who completed the work by adding the eight leaping horses, the tortoises and the dolphins of the basin. |
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I have to question the sanity of saying that spheres in the corners of a hypercube have their size determined by hamming distance. At the very least, the article on hamming distance seems to be the wrong topic. I'm very familiar with digital signal processing, but I don't know much about 4D geometry, so I am unwilling to make an edit. Still, someone should check this - and if they are related somehow, I would love to know! --[[User:Ignignot|Ignignot]] 20:23, Nov 19, 2004 (UTC) |
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== Sculptures by Carpeaux == |
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i think the picture of the oranges is a bad example because it barely shows sphere packing. |
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* Ugolin et ses fils - [[Ugolino della Gherardesca|Ugolino]] and his Sons (1861, in the permanent collection of the [[Metropolitan Museum of Art]])[[http://www.insecula.com/oeuvre/photo_ME0000009025.html]] with versions in other museums including the [[Musée d'Orsay]] |
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== and ''on'' a sphere? == |
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* The Dance (commissioned for the [[Palais Garnier|Opera Garnier]]) |
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* Jeune pêcheur à la coquille - [[Naples|Neapolitan]] Fisherboy - in the [[Louvre]], [[Paris]] [[http://www.insecula.com/oeuvre/photo_ME0000034255.html]] |
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* Girl with Shell |
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* [[Antoine Watteau]] monument, [[Valenciennes]] |
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==Neapolitan Fisherboy== |
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Is there an article on arrangements of nodes ''on'' a sphere, including packing, covering, and the [[Thomson problem]]? —[[User:Tamfang|Tamfang]] 00:33, 26 June 2006 (UTC) |
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Carpeaux submitted a plaster version of ''Pêcheur napolitain à la coquille'', the Neapolitan Fisherboy, to the [[French Academy]] while a student in [[Rome]]. He carved the marble version several years later, showing it in the Salon exhibition of 1863. It was purchased for [[Napoleon III]]'s empress, [[Eugénie de Montijo|Eugènie]]. The statue of the young smiling boy was very popular, and Carpeaux created a number of reproductions and variations in marble and bronze. There is a copy, for instance, in the Samuel H. Kress Collection in the [[National Gallery of Art]] in [[Washington D.C.]] |
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== Current known packing inefficient? == |
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The current known packing for three dimensions has density of about .74 and it was suggested that there might be a denser packing allowing a ''thirteenth'' sphere to be added. Can someone confirm this? {{unsigned|24.149.204.116|16:29, 30 July 2006}} |
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Some years later, he carved the Girl with a Shell, a very similar study. |
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: When two spheres of the same radius are tangent, each, as seen from the centre of the other, fills less than 1/13 of the "sky"; for this reason it was long believed by some eminent mathematicians that a "kissing" arrangement of 13 around 1 must be possible, but 12 was eventually proven to be the limit. —[[User:Tamfang|Tamfang]] 01:03, 31 July 2006 (UTC) |
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Carpeaux sought real life subjects in the streets and broke with the classical tradition. The Neapolitan Fisherboy's body is carved in intimate detail and shows an intricately balanced pose. Carpeaux claimed that he based the Neapolitan Fisherboy on a boy he had seen during a trip to [[Naples]]. |
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:For more details see our article on the [[Kepler conjecture]]. [[User:Gandalf61|Gandalf61]] 09:56, 16 June 2007 (UTC) |
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==External links== |
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:: Or not. That article says little about the substance of the proof, and nothing about whether 13 spheres can kiss another, which is a question independent of the Kepler Conjecture. —[[User:Tamfang|Tamfang]] 00:36, 17 June 2007 (UTC) |
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*[http://cartelfr.louvre.fr/cartelfr/visite?srv=rs_display_res&critere=jean+baptiste+carpeaux&operator=AND&nbToDisplay=5&langue=fr A page on the official Louvre site giving access to some of Carpeaux's works (French language only)] |
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*[http://www.insecula.com/contact/A005511_oeuvre_1.html A page from insecula.com listing more views of Carpeaux's works (also in French;] it may be necessary to close an advertising window to view this page) |
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*[http://www.studiolo.org/MMA-Ugolino/Ugolino.htm A page analysing Carpeaux's ''Ugolino'', with numerous illustrations] |
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[[Category:French sculptors|Carpeaux, Jean-Baptiste]] |
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[[Category:1827 births|Carpeaux, Jean-Baptiste]] |
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[[Category:1875 deaths|Carpeaux, Jean-Baptiste]] |
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[[de:Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux]] |
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[[fr:Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux]] |
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[[nl:Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux]] |
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[[pl:Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux]] |
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[[pt:Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux]] |
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[[zh:让-巴蒂斯·卡尔波]] |
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Revision as of 01:07, 19 June 2007
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux.
Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux (May 11, 1827, Valenciennes –October 12, 1875, Courbevoie) was a French sculptor and painter. His early studies were under François Rude. Carpeaux won the Prix de Rome in 1854, and moving to Rome to find inspiration, he there studied the works of Michelangelo, Donatello and Verrocchio. Staying in Rome from 1854 to 1861, he obtained a taste for movement and spontaneity, which he joined with the great principles of baroque art. In 1861 he made a bust of Princess Mathilde, and this later brought him several commissions from Napoleon III. He worked at the pavilion of Flora, and the Opéra Garnier. His group La Danse (the Dance, 1869), situated on the right side of the façade, was criticised as an offence to common decency.
He never managed to finish his last work, the famous Fountain of the Four Parts of the Earth, on the Place Camille Jullian. He did finish the terrestrial globe, supported by the four figures of Asia, Europe, America and Africa, and it was Emmanuel Frémiet who completed the work by adding the eight leaping horses, the tortoises and the dolphins of the basin.
Sculptures by Carpeaux
- Ugolin et ses fils - Ugolino and his Sons (1861, in the permanent collection of the Metropolitan Museum of Art)[[1]] with versions in other museums including the Musée d'Orsay
- The Dance (commissioned for the Opera Garnier)
- Jeune pêcheur à la coquille - Neapolitan Fisherboy - in the Louvre, Paris [[2]]
- Girl with Shell
- Antoine Watteau monument, Valenciennes
Neapolitan Fisherboy
Carpeaux submitted a plaster version of Pêcheur napolitain à la coquille, the Neapolitan Fisherboy, to the French Academy while a student in Rome. He carved the marble version several years later, showing it in the Salon exhibition of 1863. It was purchased for Napoleon III's empress, Eugènie. The statue of the young smiling boy was very popular, and Carpeaux created a number of reproductions and variations in marble and bronze. There is a copy, for instance, in the Samuel H. Kress Collection in the National Gallery of Art in Washington D.C.
Some years later, he carved the Girl with a Shell, a very similar study.
Carpeaux sought real life subjects in the streets and broke with the classical tradition. The Neapolitan Fisherboy's body is carved in intimate detail and shows an intricately balanced pose. Carpeaux claimed that he based the Neapolitan Fisherboy on a boy he had seen during a trip to Naples.
External links
- A page on the official Louvre site giving access to some of Carpeaux's works (French language only)
- A page from insecula.com listing more views of Carpeaux's works (also in French; it may be necessary to close an advertising window to view this page)
- A page analysing Carpeaux's Ugolino, with numerous illustrations