Asda and Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux: Difference between pages

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[[Image:Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux's marble sculpture 'Ugolino and his Sons', Metropolitan Museum of Art.jpg|thumb|right|400px|Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux's marble sculpture 'Ugolino and his Sons', Metropolitan Museum of Art]]
{{about|the supermarket chain|the industry group|Australian Soft Drinks Association}}
[[Image:Jean-Baptiste_Carpeaux_La_Danse.jpg|thumb|right|400px|La Danse (The Dance), Opera Garnier in Paris]]
{{Infobox_Company |
{{Commonscat}}
company_name = ASDA Stores Limited |
company_type = Private |
parent = [[Wal-Mart]] |
company_logo = [[Image:ASDA.gif|ASDA logo]] |
company_slogan = "More For You For Less"|
foundation = [[Yorkshire, England]] (1965)|
location = [[Leeds]], [[England]]|
key_people = [[Andy Bond]], Chief Executive |
num_employees = 150,000 (2006)|
revenue = see [[Walmart]]|
operating_income = £638m |
num_employees = 143,125 |


'''Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux''' ([[May 11]], [[1827]], [[Valenciennes]] –[[October 12]], [[1875]], [[Courbevoie]]) was a French sculptor and painter. His early studies were under [[François Rude]]. Carpeaux won the [[Prix de Rome]] in [[1854]], and moving to [[Rome]] to find inspiration, he there studied the works of [[Michelangelo Buonarroti|Michelangelo]], [[Donatello]] and [[Andrea del Verrocchio|Verrocchio]]. Staying in Rome from [[1854]] to [[1861]], he obtained a taste for movement and spontaneity, which he joined with the great principles of [[baroque art]]. In [[1861]] he made a bust of [[Mathilde Bonaparte|Princess Mathilde]], and this later brought him several commissions from [[Napoleon III]]. He worked at the pavilion of [[Flora (goddess)|Flora]], and the [[Opéra Garnier]]. His group La Danse (the Dance, [[1869]]), situated on the right side of the façade, was criticised as an offence to common decency.
industry = [[Retail]] |
products = [[Grocery]], [[General merchandise]], [[financial services]] |
homepage = [http://www.asda.co.uk/ www.asda.co.uk] |
}}
'''ASDA''' is a chain of [[supermarket]]s in the [[United Kingdom]] offering food, clothing and general merchandise products. It became a subsidiary of the [[US|American]] retail giant [[Wal-Mart]] in 1999, and is currently the second largest chain in the UK after [[Tesco]].


He never managed to finish his last work, the famous Fountain of the Four Parts of the Earth, on the Place Camille Jullian. He did finish the terrestrial globe, supported by the four figures of [[Asia]], [[Europe]], [[North America|America]] and [[Africa]], and it was [[Emmanuel Frémiet]] who completed the work by adding the eight leaping horses, the tortoises and the dolphins of the basin.
ASDA is Wal-Mart's largest overseas subsidiary, accounting for almost half of the company's international sales. As of January 2006, there were 21 ASDA/Wal-Mart Supercentres, 243 ASDA superstores, 37 ASDA supermarkets (including town centres), five ''ASDA Living'' stores, 10 George clothing stores and 24 depots (distribution centres). ASDA has 150,000 employees, who it refers to as "colleagues" (90,000 part-time, 60,000 full-time). The company is also engaged in property development through its subsidiary company, ''Gazeley Properties Limited''.


== Sculptures by Carpeaux ==
As a wholly owned division of Wal-Mart, ASDA is not required to declare quarterly or half-yearly earnings. It submits full accounts to [[Companies House]] each October.


* Ugolin et ses fils - [[Ugolino della Gherardesca|Ugolino]] and his Sons (1861, in the permanent collection of the [[Metropolitan Museum of Art]])[[http://www.insecula.com/oeuvre/photo_ME0000009025.html]] with versions in other museums including the [[Musée d'Orsay]]
==History==
* The Dance (commissioned for the [[Palais Garnier|Opera Garnier]])
The present ASDA Stores Limited was founded by Laura Beth Murray as Associated Dairies & Farm Stores Ltd in 1949. However the formation of the ASDA name occurred in 1965 with the merger of the Asquith chain of three supermarkets and Associated Dairies; ASDA is an abbreviation of '''AS'''quith and '''DA'''iries.<ref>{{cite web | title = 1920 to 1960 - In the Beginning | work = All About ASDA
* Jeune pêcheur à la coquille - [[Naples|Neapolitan]] Fisherboy - in the [[Louvre]], [[Paris]] [[http://www.insecula.com/oeuvre/photo_ME0000034255.html]]
| publisher = ASDA | date = 2005 | url = http://asdacares.gpalm.co.uk/the_asda_story/story_1920_1960.html | accessdate =2006-10-15}}</ref>
* Girl with Shell
* [[Antoine Watteau]] monument, [[Valenciennes]]


==Neapolitan Fisherboy==
For a short time in the 1980s Asda Stores Ltd was a subsidiary of ASDA-MFI plc following a merger between the two companies. Other companies in the group were [[Associated Dairies]] Ltd, the furniture retailer [[MFI Retail|MFI]] and [[Allied Carpets]]. After the sale of MFI and Allied Carpets the company name changed to ASDA Group plc. The dairy division was sold to [[Northern Foods]] plc, meaning that ASDA today has no connection with the firm its name was derived from.


Carpeaux submitted a plaster version of ''Pêcheur napolitain à la coquille'', the Neapolitan Fisherboy, to the [[French Academy]] while a student in [[Rome]]. He carved the marble version several years later, showing it in the Salon exhibition of 1863. It was purchased for [[Napoleon III]]'s empress, [[Eugénie de Montijo|Eugènie]]. The statue of the young smiling boy was very popular, and Carpeaux created a number of reproductions and variations in marble and bronze. There is a copy, for instance, in the Samuel H. Kress Collection in the [[National Gallery of Art]] in [[Washington D.C.]]
The company went through a troubled period in the early 1990s, but was then revived under the leadership of [[Archie Norman]], who later became a front bench [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative]] [[Member of Parliament|MP]]. He was chairman of the company during the period 1996&ndash;99.


Some years later, he carved the Girl with a Shell, a very similar study.
ASDA, which then owned 229 stores, was purchased by [[Wal-Mart]] of the [[United States]], on [[July 26]], [[1999]].


Carpeaux sought real life subjects in the streets and broke with the classical tradition. The Neapolitan Fisherboy's body is carved in intimate detail and shows an intricately balanced pose. Carpeaux claimed that he based the Neapolitan Fisherboy on a boy he had seen during a trip to [[Naples]].
Since the takeover ASDA has continued to maintain its headquarters at the then newly opened "ASDA House". ASDA House was one of the first of the new large office blocks to open as part of the redevelopment of the huge area south of the [[River Aire]] from the city centre of [[Leeds]], in the [[Holbeck]] district, [[West Yorkshire]].

In 2005, amid reported concerns within Wal-Mart about a slight slippage in market share, partially due to a resurgent [[Sainsbury's]], ASDA's chief executive, Tony de Nunzio, was replaced by Andy Bond. In the same year, Asda expanded into [[Northern Ireland]] by purchasing 12 [[Safeway (UK)|Safeway]] stores from [[Morrisons|Wm Morrison Supermarkets plc]].

==Store formats==
[[Image:Asda wb.jpg|thumb|ASDA, West Bridgford, Nottingham, England]]
Following the takeover by Wal-Mart, several "Asda Wal-Mart Supercentres" have been opened, creating some of the largest hypermarkets in the United Kingdom. The first of these stores opened at Patchway, near Bristol, in August 2000. At first, it was criticised for its scale and condemned as an eyesore. In November 2004 a refurbishment of the hypermarket was completed, addressing some of the complaints. There are currently 21 ASDA Wal-Mart Supercentres in the UK.

In October 2004 ASDA launched a new format called 'Asda Living'. This is the company's first 'general merchandise' store, containing all its non-food ranges including clothing, home electronics, toys, homewares, health and beauty products. With these stores they have linked up with [[Compass Group]] who operate the coffee shop [[caffe Ritazza]] within some of the stores. The first store with this format opened in [[Walsall]], [[West Midlands (county)|West Midlands]], and at the time of writing has been followed by seven further stores in Cortonwood ([[Barnsley]]), Altrincham, Byker (Newcastle-upon-Tyne), Thurrock, [[Essex]], [[Glasgow]], [[Leeds Crown Point]] and at Yorkgate in [[Belfast]]. [[Tesco]] is also trialling a similar format, "Homeplus", in Denton, Greater Manchester. Asda has also opened a number of stores containing its George range only in several city centres.

In April 2006, ASDA launched a new format called ''ASDA Essentials'' in a former [[Supermarket cooperative|Co-op]] store in [[Northampton]], followed by another in Pontefract a month later. This was modelled on the French [http://www.leader-price-int.com/anglais/index.htm Leaderprice] chain, with a smaller floorplate than ASDA's mainstream stores. ''Essentials'' focuses primarily on own-brand products, only stocking branded items that are perceived to be at the "core" of a family's weekly shop. This style of retailing is an attempt to address competition from discount supermarkets such as [[Aldi]], [[Lidl]] and [[Netto]]. On 6 December 2006 [[The Guardian]] newspaper reported that further planned store openings were under review following poor sales in the existing outlets. It was also revealed that the range of branded products has been expanded.<ref>{{cite news|title=Asda's new stores prove not-so-Essential in the discount market|first=Julia|last=Finch|publisher=[[The Guardian]]|date=[[2006-12-05]]|url=http://business.guardian.co.uk/story/0,,1963947,00.html}}</ref> In early January 2007 it was announced that the initial trial Essentials store would close within a month after only 10 months of trading<reF>{{cite web|url=http://www.igd.com/analysis/news/news_detail.asp?articleid=3468|title=Asda Essentials trial continues despite store closure|date=[[2007-01-09]]|accessdate=2007-01-11|publisher=IGD Retail Analysis}}</ref>.
In 2004, the George clothing brand ''(see below)'' was extended to a number of standalone George stores on the high street. The George label is named after [[George Davies (retailer)|George Davies]], founder of [[Next (retailer)|Next]], who went on to set up the [[Per Una]] clothing business for [[Marks & Spencer]].

==Market share==
As of February 2007, [[Tesco]] has 31.4% of the [[TNS Worldpanel|UK grocery market]] while ASDA's share is 16.8%, followed by Sainsbury's at 16.5%, and Morrisons at 11.0%.<ref>{{cite web | title = TNS Worldpanel Grocers Share of Trade | work = Great Britain Consumer Spend - 12 Week Summary to 28 January 2007 | publisher = Taylor Nelson Sofres plc | date = 2007 | url = https://www.tnsinfo.com/TNSInfo/Doc/0/84O4O3ROKQ5KB0Q38C2HIN8L2F/TNSINFO%20Report2-2007.xls | accessdate =2007-02-18}}</ref>

It is widely expected, as predicted by former ASDA boss Tony de Nunzio in 2006, that Sainsbury's will reclaim second place at some point in the short to medium term, but this has not happened as yet.

==Marketing==
ASDA is known for two famous marketing campaigns. In the "ASDA price" campaign, customers tap their trouser pocket twice, producing a 'chinking' sound as the coins that ASDA's low prices have supposedly left in their pockets knock together. In the late 1980s, prior to the reintroduction of the tap pocket campaign, advertising for ASDA had featured the [[Fairground Attraction]] song [[Perfect (Fairground Attraction song)|Perfect]]. In 2004, [[Sharon Osbourne]] was selected to be part of a new marketing campaign by ASDA; her last advert was aired in August 2005. In the smiley face "rollback" campaign, also used in Wal-Mart advertisements, a [[Computer-generated imagery|CGI]] smiley face bounces from price tag to price tag, knocking them down as customers watch. The focus of these campaigns is to portray ASDA as the most affordable supermarket in the country, a claim that is challenged by competitors, especially [[Tesco]]. Currently in ASDA advertising is a theme featuring singing children and the previous tap of the trouser pocket advertising was reduced to a double-tap on a stylised 'A', still producing the 'chinking' sound. This has included an advert during the [[2006 FIFA World Cup]] featuring the [[England national football team|England]] footballer [[Michael Owen]] in an advert with the children singing [[Vindaloo (song)|Vindaloo]]. The latest advertising campaign has done away with the rollback hook in favour of featuring celebrities [[Victoria Wood]] and [[Paul Whitehouse]] working as ASDA employees.

ASDA has been winner of the [[Grocer Magazine]] "Lowest Price Supermarket" Award for the past 9 years, and uses this to promote itself across the UK. In August 2005, rival supermarket chain [[Tesco]] challenged ASDA's ability to use the claim that it was the cheapest supermarket in the country, by complaining to the [[Advertising Standards Agency]]. The ASA upheld the complaint<ref>"[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/4158368.stm Asda made to drop low price claim]", ''BBC'', 17 August 2005.</ref> and ordered ASDA to stop using it, citing that the Grocer Magazine survey was based on limited and unrepresentative evidence as it examined the price of just 33 products, and that the survey did not study low-cost supermarkets such as [[Aldi]]. As a result ASDA no longer cites itself as "Officially Britain's lowest priced supermarket", instead using "Winner: Britain's lowest price supermarket award".

==Expansion Plans==
In [[February 2007]], ASDA announced that it will build a minimum of 18 new supermarkets across the UK this year. In addition, it will carry out extensions and improvements to a further 15 stores and roll out the 'ASDA Living' non-food format to a further 10 sites by February 2008. It is claimed that 4,000 new jobs will be created through the expansion programme[http://www.asda-press.co.uk/pressrelease/93].

==Employee relations==
ASDA has featured prominently in lists of "Best companies to work for", appearing in second place in the Times newspaper list for 2005.{{Fact|date=February 2007}} It offers staff a [[discount]] of 10% on most items (exceptions include fuel, stamps, lottery, giftcards and tobacco related items)<ref>[http://www.asda.jobs/html/rewards.htm Asda Jobs: Rewards and benefits]</ref>

On "double discount day" in December 2005 , ASDA temporarily increased the staff discount to 20%, but excluded alcoholic drinks from the extra discount for reasons of "operational profit protection". The [[GMB Union]] attempted to get [[Tesco]] to offer a similar discount to ASDA staff as a [[publicity stunt]], and ASDA subsequently included these products in the extra discount, but with a maximum spend of £100, down from £250 in the years before the alterations. While the reinstatement of the discount was intended to be a [[publicity stunt]] that improved colleague relations, it resulted in further bitter feelings. This was due to the fact that in the years previously, music [[albums]], [[Single (music)|singles]], [[DVD]]s, [[videos]] and [[videogames]] had been included in the discount day, but were not reinstated with the rest of the discount after ASDA backed down.<ref>{{cite web | title = Stingy ASDA bosses cut staff perk | work = ASDA Watch news article | publisher = ASDA Watch | date = 2006 | url = http://www.asdawatch.org/asda_newsstory.asp?story=47 | accessdate =2007-02-28}}</ref>

From 2006 ASDA no longer requires job applicants to provide their date of birth, in compliance with new government anti-discrimination requirements.<ref>"Asda to scrap birth date queries," ''BBC news'', [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/5292034.stm], last accessed 6 October 2006</ref>

===Trade union relations===
In August 2005, the manager of the [[Wakefield]] depot read out what were called "foreign-sounding" names over the public address system ordering them to report immediately to the manager's office. The workers, who were all Muslims, were ordered to produce evidence that they were not illegal immigrants. At least one was threatened with the sack unless he produced his passport the next day. The highly public initiative by management, which came within weeks of the [[7 July 2005 London bombings|7 July]] bombings in [[London]], was followed by a spate of graffiti at the depot in Wakefield expressing hatred and contempt for Muslims and their religion.<ref>Barrie Clement, "[http://news.independent.co.uk/uk/this_britain/article333040.ece Asda managers told Asian staff to show passports]", ''[[The Independent]]'', 14 December 2005.</ref>

In February 2006, Asda was fined £850,000 for offering employees of a newly taken over distribution depot a pay rise to give up union rights. An employment tribunal found the American-owned supermarket chain guilty of promising 340 distribution staff a 10 per cent pay rise to give up the collective agreement negotiated by the GMB union – an act which is illegal under a [[Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992|1992 labour relations law]]. The court ordered Asda to pay £2,500 to each employee at the County Durham depot.<ref>"[http://www.foodanddrinkeurope.com/news-by-product/news.asp?id=65803&idCat=140&k=asda-wal-mart Asda Wal-Mart guilty of anti-trade union activity]", ''Food & Drink Europe'', 14 February 2006.</ref>

In June 2006, [[GMB Union]] members at the company's UK distribution depots agreed to strike for five days from [[30 June]] [[2006]]. The two sides failed to agree on how many of Asda's 12,500 depot workers belong to the union across its 24 depots around the UK. The GMB claimed the figure as 7,000, but Asda claimed the number was nearer 4,500. The depots affected include [[Bedford]], [[Chepstow]], [[Dartford]], [[Didcot]], [[Erith]], [[Falkirk]], [[Grangemouth]], Ince George in [[Wigan]], [[Lymedale]] (in [[Staffordshire]]), [[Lutterworth]], [[Portbury]], [[Skelmersdale]], [[Teesport]], [[Wakefield]], and [[Washington, Tyne and Wear|Washington]].<ref>"[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/5107156.stm Five-day strike by Asda workers]", ''BBC News'', 22 June 2006.</ref> ASDA threatened legal action, citing flaws in the ballot process, but after discussion at the [[TUC]], an agreement was reached for a national level consultative body and the strike called off.<ref>"[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/5128260.stm Asda industrial action called off]", ''BBC News'', 29 June 2006.</ref>

==Online==
ASDA launched its [[online shop|online retailer service]] in 1998, but from the start had over-estimated demand. It began with a dedicated depot based in [[Croydon]], South London, but this was closed with a number of [[Redundancy (law)|redundancies]] shortly after as sales were lower than expected. It continued the online service, but emulated the Tesco store-based model instead.

Since the roll-out of the grocery delivery operation ASDA has moved into non-food online retailing. Current categories include entertainment, contact lenses, furniture, travel, electricals, gifts, mobile phones and flowers, with more categories being launched each year.

In May 2004 it announced a major expansion of the service which will increase coverage from 30% of the UK population to 35%. ''[[The Grocer]]'' magazine reported a turnaround in the fortunes of ASDA's home shopping service under new head of Home Shopping, Richard Ramsden.{{Fact|date=March 2007}} More recently, ASDA stepped up its commitment to home shopping, focusing on full UK coverage by the end of 2007. Andy Bond highlighted that ASDA will be recruiting up to 1,800 new staff to bolster its operations and focus on competing with Tesco in the online arena.

In January 2007, ASDA lauched ''[http://www.asda-electricals.co.uk www.asda-electricals.co.uk]'' to compete with Tesco's highly successful Tesco Direct. This new venture is part of its online business, with more than 3,000 domestic and home electrical products. ASDA's long term ambition to capture 5% of the £1.9bn market by 2012. Recently, the company sold its Durabrand 1005 DVD player for only 9GBP, the UK's lowest priced DVD player, which sold out in just two days from start of the promotion.

==George clothing==
[[Image:George logo.gif|thumb|right|ASDA's George brand]]
ASDA has its own range of clothing known as '''George'''. This is marketed as quality fashion clothing at affordable prices. Wal-Mart also sells the George brand in [[Germany]], the [[United States]], [[Canada]] and [[South Korea]]. This George label was named after [[George Davies (retailer)|George Davies]], the founder of [[Next (retailer)|Next]], who was its original chief designer. He is no longer associated with the brand, although it has aimed to remain true to the high quality, low price business model that he established.

In 2005, ASDA stated that the George range was a £1.75 billion business, including sales from Wal-Mart stores in the US and Germany. [[Mintel]] estimate that George is the fourth largest retailer of clothing in the United Kingdom, after [[Marks and Spencer]], the [[Arcadia Group]] and [[Next (retailer)|Next]].<ref>[[Mintel]] Clothing Retailing - UK, July 2005</ref>

Staff at ASDA House, its Leeds headquarters, are asked to take part in what is called 'George Day', a non-uniform day when they must wear at least one item of 'George at Asda' clothing.

ASDA is the first supermarket to stock [[wedding dress]]es. Part of the George line, they cost just £60. Adult bridesmaid dresses ranged between £30 and £35, at launch.<ref>"Supermarket unveils £60 wedding dress," ''Telegraph.co.uk'', [http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2006/01/23/uasda.xml&sSheet=/portal/2006/01/23/ixportaltop.html], last accessed 6 October 2006</ref>

Asda's newest addition to the George range is a pet line selling such things as collars, dog bandanas, gems for pet collars and even dog hair clips.

==ASDA Smart Price==
ASDA Smart Price is a no frills private label trade name of [[ASDA]] supermarket in the UK. The range is in many ways the UK equivalent of the generic brands in US stores. Its two main rivals are Tesco's Value and Sainsbury's Basic.

The Smart Price brand can trace its origins to ASDA’s Farm Stores brand launched in the mid 1990s, it consisted of products that were offered at a lower price than the equivalent name brand product and ASDA’s own brand equivalent. The Farm Stores brand originally consisted of a small number of food only products, largely frozen such as frozen chips and a small range of ready meals, this range later expanded to include fresh food. In 2000 following the acquisition of ASDA by the American Supermarket chain [[Wal-Mart]] the Farm Stores products were phased out and replaced with the new Smart Price brand "based on Wal-Mart's Great Value and Sam's Choice"

Smart Price products are almost always the lowest price option in a product category in ASDA stores occasionally this difference is only a few pence however in others it is a marked difference for example a box of Smart Price Biological Washing Powder costs 50 pence while the equivalent ASDA brand washing powder costs £1.50 and name brand alternatives cost from two pounds upwards.

The Smart Price label was originally a food only brand, however over the years it has expanded to cover almost every product range in the store. Like early generic products in the US some Smart Price products lack what can be thought of as ‘frills’ in the modern brand name or supermarket own brand, for example the Smart Price Toothpaste has an old fashioned screw cap rather than the now more common flip cap and the Smart Price range of crisps come in traditional clear plastic bags rather than the foil bags common to most name brand versions.

==ASDA Financial Services==
ASDA has established a [[financial services]] division, following in the footsteps of [[Tesco]], [[Safeway (UK)|Safeway]] and [[Waitrose]]. As with these supermarkets, ASDA simply attaches its own brand to products provided by other companies. Services they offer include insurance (provided by [[Norwich Union]]), credit cards (provided by [[GE Capital Bank]]) and loans (provided by [[The Funding Corporation]]).<ref>Sarah Butler and Christine Seib, "Asda ends Scottish Widows tie-up," ''The Times'' [http://business.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,9074-2366053,00.html], last acessed 6 October 2006</ref>

==Awards==
* [[2001]], [[2002]], [[2003]] &mdash; Voted a top 10 UK employer by the [[Sunday Times]] Top 100 Best Employers Survey, although the merit of ASDA being awarded such an award is contested by the GMB.
* [[2002]] [[Nestlé Social Commitment Award]], awarded by peers in the food industry

==Ethical trading==
In 2006, a group of labour rights organisations argued that as part of one of the world's largest companies, ASDA is in a position to influence the fashion industry to ensure higher standards for workers throughout the supply chain{{Fact|date=June 2007}}. ASDA has signed up to the [[Ethical Trading Initiative]] (ETI) which respects workers rights for freedom of association and a living wage. Implementing this initiative is difficult, however, because the concept of a living wage varies between countries and the buying strategies of a major importer like ASDA have an indirect impact on national minimum wages by obliging governments to set them low enough to stop businesses going elsewhere.<ref>''[http://www.cleanupfashion.co.uk/companies/asda.php Clean Up Fashion; Asda Walmart]'', ''Page retrieved 23 November 2006.''</ref>

==See also==
* [[2007 UK petrol contamination]]
* [[Supermarkets in the United Kingdom]]

==References==
{{reflist}}


==External links==
==External links==
* [http://www.asda.co.uk/ ASDA Corporate Website]
* [http://www.asdafinance.co.uk/ ASDA Finance Website]
* [http://www.asdawatch.org/index.asp AsdaWatch]
* {{PDF|[http://asdacares.gpalm.co.uk/asdabrochure.pdf ASDA: 'Welcome to our stores' brochure]|2.17&nbsp;[[Mebibyte|MiB]]<!-- application/pdf, 2281364 bytes -->}}


*[http://cartelfr.louvre.fr/cartelfr/visite?srv=rs_display_res&critere=jean+baptiste+carpeaux&operator=AND&nbToDisplay=5&langue=fr A page on the official Louvre site giving access to some of Carpeaux's works (French language only)]
{{Wal-Mart}}
*[http://www.insecula.com/contact/A005511_oeuvre_1.html A page from insecula.com listing more views of Carpeaux's works (also in French;] it may be necessary to close an advertising window to view this page)
{{UK supermarkets}}
*[http://www.studiolo.org/MMA-Ugolino/Ugolino.htm A page analysing Carpeaux's ''Ugolino'', with numerous illustrations]


[[Category:Acronyms]]
[[Category:French sculptors|Carpeaux, Jean-Baptiste]]
[[Category:Wal-Mart]]
[[Category:1827 births|Carpeaux, Jean-Baptiste]]
[[Category:1875 deaths|Carpeaux, Jean-Baptiste]]
[[Category:Companies formerly listed on the London Stock Exchange]]
[[Category:Supermarkets of the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Online supermarkets]]


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Revision as of 01:07, 19 June 2007

Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux's marble sculpture 'Ugolino and his Sons', Metropolitan Museum of Art
La Danse (The Dance), Opera Garnier in Paris
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux.

Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux (May 11, 1827, Valenciennes –October 12, 1875, Courbevoie) was a French sculptor and painter. His early studies were under François Rude. Carpeaux won the Prix de Rome in 1854, and moving to Rome to find inspiration, he there studied the works of Michelangelo, Donatello and Verrocchio. Staying in Rome from 1854 to 1861, he obtained a taste for movement and spontaneity, which he joined with the great principles of baroque art. In 1861 he made a bust of Princess Mathilde, and this later brought him several commissions from Napoleon III. He worked at the pavilion of Flora, and the Opéra Garnier. His group La Danse (the Dance, 1869), situated on the right side of the façade, was criticised as an offence to common decency.

He never managed to finish his last work, the famous Fountain of the Four Parts of the Earth, on the Place Camille Jullian. He did finish the terrestrial globe, supported by the four figures of Asia, Europe, America and Africa, and it was Emmanuel Frémiet who completed the work by adding the eight leaping horses, the tortoises and the dolphins of the basin.

Sculptures by Carpeaux

Neapolitan Fisherboy

Carpeaux submitted a plaster version of Pêcheur napolitain à la coquille, the Neapolitan Fisherboy, to the French Academy while a student in Rome. He carved the marble version several years later, showing it in the Salon exhibition of 1863. It was purchased for Napoleon III's empress, Eugènie. The statue of the young smiling boy was very popular, and Carpeaux created a number of reproductions and variations in marble and bronze. There is a copy, for instance, in the Samuel H. Kress Collection in the National Gallery of Art in Washington D.C.

Some years later, he carved the Girl with a Shell, a very similar study.

Carpeaux sought real life subjects in the streets and broke with the classical tradition. The Neapolitan Fisherboy's body is carved in intimate detail and shows an intricately balanced pose. Carpeaux claimed that he based the Neapolitan Fisherboy on a boy he had seen during a trip to Naples.

External links

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