User:Paaerduag/Sandbox and Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux: Difference between pages

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[[Image:Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux's marble sculpture 'Ugolino and his Sons', Metropolitan Museum of Art.jpg|thumb|right|400px|Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux's marble sculpture 'Ugolino and his Sons', Metropolitan Museum of Art]]
{{Infobox CVG
[[Image:Jean-Baptiste_Carpeaux_La_Danse.jpg|thumb|right|400px|La Danse (The Dance), Opera Garnier in Paris]]
|title= Agatha Christie: Murder on the Orient Express
{{Commonscat}}
|image=[[Image:MOE box.jpg|256px]]
|developer= AWE Productions
|publisher=[[The Adventure Company]]
|series = [[Agatha Christie series]]
|designer=Lee Sheldon
|engine= [[2.5D|2.5D Engine]]
|released=
{{vgrelease|North America|NA|[[November 14]], [[2006]]}}<br />
{{vgrelease|Europe|EU|[[March 9]], [[2007]]}}
|genre=[[Adventure game|Adventure]]
|modes=[[Single player]]
|ratings= [[ESRB]]: Teen(T), [[PEGI]]: 7+
|platforms=[[Personal computer|PC]], [[Microsoft Windows|Windows]]
|media = [[Compact Disc|CD]]/[[DVD]]
|requirements=
'''Windows:'''
* 1.4 [[Gigahertz|GHz]] [[Intel Corporation|Intel]] [[Pentium III]] or [[AMD]] [[Athlon]] [[Central processing unit|CPU]]
* 256 [[megabyte|MB]] [[Random Access Memory|RAM]]
* 16x [[Optical disc|CD/DVD-ROM]] drive
* 1.5 [[gigabyte|GB]] [[hard disk]] space
* 64 MB [[DirectX]] 9 compatible [[graphics card]]
* DirectX compatible [[sound card]]
* [[Microsoft Windows|Windows]]
|input=[[Computer keyboard|Keyboard]], [[Mouse (computing)|Mouse]]
}}


'''Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux''' ([[May 11]], [[1827]], [[Valenciennes]] –[[October 12]], [[1875]], [[Courbevoie]]) was a French sculptor and painter. His early studies were under [[François Rude]]. Carpeaux won the [[Prix de Rome]] in [[1854]], and moving to [[Rome]] to find inspiration, he there studied the works of [[Michelangelo Buonarroti|Michelangelo]], [[Donatello]] and [[Andrea del Verrocchio|Verrocchio]]. Staying in Rome from [[1854]] to [[1861]], he obtained a taste for movement and spontaneity, which he joined with the great principles of [[baroque art]]. In [[1861]] he made a bust of [[Mathilde Bonaparte|Princess Mathilde]], and this later brought him several commissions from [[Napoleon III]]. He worked at the pavilion of [[Flora (goddess)|Flora]], and the [[Opéra Garnier]]. His group La Danse (the Dance, [[1869]]), situated on the right side of the façade, was criticised as an offence to common decency.
==Gameplay==
''Murder on the Orient Express'' is a point-and-click adventure game, played from a third-person perspective.<ref name=2404site>{{cite web|url=http://www.2404.org/reviews/1980/Agatha-Christie:-Murder-on-the-Orient-Express-Review|title=Agatha Christe: Murder on the Orient Express Review|accessdate=2007-06-17 |format= |work=2404.org|date=[[2006]]}}</ref> Players can navigate and interact with the game's environment, mainly comprised of carriages on the Orient Express, through use of a context-sensitive cursor.<ref name=quandary>{{cite web|url=http://www.quandaryland.com/jsp/dispArticle.jsp?index=793|title=Agatha Christie: Murder on the Orient Express|accessdate=2007-06-17 |format= |work=quandaryland.com|date=[[2006]]}}</ref> The cursor changes when it is placed over an item which the player can interact with, and can be used to talk to other characters, listen to other characters' conversations, look around the environment, and move.<ref name=quandary/> The player can walk to a location with a single click, and run to a location with a double-click.<ref name=adventuregamers>{{cite web|url=http://www.adventuregamers.com/article/id,710/p,2|title=Agatha Christe: Murder on the Orient Express Review|accessdate=2007-06-17 |format= |work=adventuregamers.com|date=[[2006]]}}</ref> Double-clicking on the edge of the screen instantly takes the player to the next screen.<ref name=adventuregamers/> There is a map of the train in the game's interface at the top of the screen, and once each carriage has been unlocked the player can click on any part of the map and instantly be transported to that location, saving the player from having to travel through the train screen by screen.<ref name=adventuregamers/> Another feature of the interface that the player can access is an objectives menu.<ref name=2404site/> This menu states the general tasks the player should be attempting to complete, and is designed to guide players in the right direction.<ref name=2404site/> The menu doesn't give the player any explicit hints though.<ref name=2404site/>


He never managed to finish his last work, the famous Fountain of the Four Parts of the Earth, on the Place Camille Jullian. He did finish the terrestrial globe, supported by the four figures of [[Asia]], [[Europe]], [[North America|America]] and [[Africa]], and it was [[Emmanuel Frémiet]] who completed the work by adding the eight leaping horses, the tortoises and the dolphins of the basin.
[[Image:antoinette marceau exploring.jpg|thumb|left|Antoinette Marceau looks through a carriage for clues.]]


== Sculptures by Carpeaux ==
''Murder on the Orient Express'', as with its predecessor, features an inventory system.<ref name=adventuregamers/> There are several components of the inventory, including an fingerprint examination screen, a scrapbook, and a passport screen for managing and viewing the passengers' passports.<ref name=adventuregamers/> There are a total of eighty slots for carrying items in the inventory, spread across five separate screens.<ref name=adventuregamers/> Items cannot be discarded from the inventory once they have been aquired.<ref name=adventuregamers/> The player can access the inventory by clicking on an icon on the game's interface, or can simply right-click.<ref name=quandary/> After items are used, a right-click returns them to the inventory, and the exact slot they were originally placed in.<ref name=quandary/> Each item is labelled, and the player can inspect each inventory item in more detail by dragging it over a magnifying glass icon, and can also listen for a soft hissing sound which indicates that there is something relevant for the player to note about a certain item.<ref name=quandary/> In a divergence from other games in its genre, ''Murder on the Orient Express'' does not allow the player to combine items in the main inventory screen.<ref name=adventuregamers/> There is a separate interface for item combinations, and the player must drag items into this screen if they wish to try and combine them.<ref name=adventuregamers/>


* Ugolin et ses fils - [[Ugolino della Gherardesca|Ugolino]] and his Sons (1861, in the permanent collection of the [[Metropolitan Museum of Art]])[[http://www.insecula.com/oeuvre/photo_ME0000009025.html]] with versions in other museums including the [[Musée d'Orsay]]
A large portion of gameplay in ''Murder on the Orient Express'' has the player questioning characters and listening to lengthy periods of dialogue in order to aquire clues which may lead to the murderer.<ref name=ign>{{cite web|url=http://au.pc.ign.com/articles/750/750461p1.html|title=Murder on the Orient Express Review|accessdate=2007-06-17 |format= |work=[[IGN]]|date=[[2006]]}}</ref> Other tasks the player must complete include collecting passports and other paraphernalia left by the passengers in an effort to acquire clues to lead to the solution of the murder, and retrieving certain objects for various characters.<ref name=gameover>{{cite web|url=http://www.game-over.net/reviews.php?id=1097|title=Agatha Christie: Murder of the Orient Express|accessdate=2007-06-17 |format= |work=game-over.net|date=[[2006]]}}</ref> Combining items in the inventory forms a major part of the puzzles in the game.<ref name=ign/> There are no puzzles with time limits in the game, although some puzzles require correct timing.<ref name=acgpreview/> There are also several single screen puzzles, such as a safe-cracking puzzle.<ref name=acgpreview/>
* The Dance (commissioned for the [[Palais Garnier|Opera Garnier]])
* Jeune pêcheur à la coquille - [[Naples|Neapolitan]] Fisherboy - in the [[Louvre]], [[Paris]] [[http://www.insecula.com/oeuvre/photo_ME0000034255.html]]
* Girl with Shell
* [[Antoine Watteau]] monument, [[Valenciennes]]


==Neapolitan Fisherboy==
A unique feature of ''Murder on the Orient Express'' is Poirot, who serves as a hint system for the duration of the game.<ref name=strategyinformerpreview/> The player can access Poirot at any time during the game, and can receive hints to help them proceed.<ref name=strategyinformerpreview/> The game has two difficulty levels, and the player can determine which one they prefer to play at soon after the murder occurs.<ref name=strategyinformerpreview/> Poirot challenges the player, allowing them to choose to either readily accept help from him and allow him to guide the player through the game, or alternatively try to outsmart the famous sleuth by solving the mystery with obscure, and in some cases nonexistant hints.<ref name=strategyinformerpreview/> If the player has trouble once they have chosen the more difficult setting, Poirot will gradually become more forthcoming with information.<ref name=strategyinformerpreview/>


Carpeaux submitted a plaster version of ''Pêcheur napolitain à la coquille'', the Neapolitan Fisherboy, to the [[French Academy]] while a student in [[Rome]]. He carved the marble version several years later, showing it in the Salon exhibition of 1863. It was purchased for [[Napoleon III]]'s empress, [[Eugénie de Montijo|Eugènie]]. The statue of the young smiling boy was very popular, and Carpeaux created a number of reproductions and variations in marble and bronze. There is a copy, for instance, in the Samuel H. Kress Collection in the [[National Gallery of Art]] in [[Washington D.C.]]
==Synopsis==
===Setting===


Some years later, he carved the Girl with a Shell, a very similar study.


Carpeaux sought real life subjects in the streets and broke with the classical tradition. The Neapolitan Fisherboy's body is carved in intimate detail and shows an intricately balanced pose. Carpeaux claimed that he based the Neapolitan Fisherboy on a boy he had seen during a trip to [[Naples]].
===Characters===


==External links==


*[http://cartelfr.louvre.fr/cartelfr/visite?srv=rs_display_res&critere=jean+baptiste+carpeaux&operator=AND&nbToDisplay=5&langue=fr A page on the official Louvre site giving access to some of Carpeaux's works (French language only)]
===Plot===
*[http://www.insecula.com/contact/A005511_oeuvre_1.html A page from insecula.com listing more views of Carpeaux's works (also in French;] it may be necessary to close an advertising window to view this page)
*[http://www.studiolo.org/MMA-Ugolino/Ugolino.htm A page analysing Carpeaux's ''Ugolino'', with numerous illustrations]


[[Category:French sculptors|Carpeaux, Jean-Baptiste]]
[[Category:1827 births|Carpeaux, Jean-Baptiste]]
[[Category:1875 deaths|Carpeaux, Jean-Baptiste]]


[[de:Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux]]
==Development==
[[fr:Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux]]
''Murder on the Orient Express'' was announced on [[May 2]], [[2006]], as the second installment in [[The Adventure Company|The Adventure Company's]] [[Agatha Christie series]].<ref name=announced>{{cite web|url=http://www.agathachristiegame.com/motoe/gfx/press/motoe_02may06.pdf|title=The Adventure Company Announces Development of Agatha Christe: Murder on the Orient Express|accessdate=2007-06-16 |format= |work=agathachristiegame.com|date=[[2006]]}}</ref> As with the game's predecessor, [[Agatha Christie: And Then There Were None|And Then There Were None]], ''Murder on the Orient Express'' was developed by AWE Productions, in collaboration with producer The Adventure Company.<ref name=announced/> The production team remained largely the same, with Lee Sheldon reprising his role as Lead Designer,<ref name=justadventurepreview>{{cite web|url=http://www.justadventure.com/Interviews/LeeSheldonMOTOE.shtm|title=Lee Sheldon: One-on-One with JA|accessdate=2007-06-16 |format= |work=justadventure.com|date=[[2006]]}}</ref> and Scott Nixon from AWE Productions reprising his position as Managing Director.<ref name=strategyinformerpreview>{{cite web|url=http://www.strategyinformer.com/pc/agathachristiemurderontheorientexpress/interview.html|title=Agatha Christie: Murder on the Orient Express Interview|accessdate=2007-06-16 |format= |work=strategyinformer.com|date=[[2006]]}}</ref>
[[nl:Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux]]

[[pl:Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux]]
The Adventure Company and [[Chorion (company)|Chorion]], the owners of the rights to Christie's works, chose Agatha Christie's novel [[Murder on the Orient Express]], widely considered the author's [[magnum opus]], as the basis for the next game in the Agatha Christie series.<ref name=acgpreview>{{cite web|url=http://www.adventureclassicgaming.com/index.php/site/interviews/244/|title=Scott Nixon|accessdate=2007-06-16 |format= |work=adventureclassicgaming.com|date=[[2007]]}}</ref> AWE Productions had little influence in the choice, other than being asked for an opinion.<ref name=acgpreview/> Lee Sheldon created a concept document for the new game and sent it to Chorion, who sent it back with some suggestions.<ref name=justadventurepreview/> Sheldon agreed to some of these, but refused others.<ref name=justadventurepreview/> Chorion was generally more comfortable with the development team for their second outing.<ref name=acgpreview/> They did not have to scrutinize every aspect of the game as with ''And Then There Were None'', and generally had less complaints with ''Murder on the Orient Express'', as opposed to its predecessor.<ref name=acgpreview/>
[[pt:Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux]]

[[zh:让-巴蒂斯·卡尔波]]
Mike Adams, the Producer of ''Murder on the Orient Express'', was extremely determined to have [[David Suchet]] as the voice actor for Poirot, a major character in the game.<ref name=strategyinformerpreview/> Scott Nixon thought that Suchet had become so intertwined with the character of Poirot after his success with the television series [[Agatha Christie's Poirot]], that it would be hard to imagine someone else doing Poirot's voice without constantly being compared to Suchet.<ref name=acgpreview/> Nixon described the situation as a [[Catch-22 (logic)|Catch-22]], saying that he "worried about someone coming in and doing a Suchet impression instead of a unique rendition of Poirot, yet the more the voice strays from Suchet’s version, the more people will wish it was Suchet doing it!"<ref name=acgpreview/> Another reason for the development team's determination to have Suchet aboard was that they thought he would spur the other voice actors in the game, such as Vanessa Marshall who portrayed Antoinette Marceau, to step up and compete with Suchet's skillful portrayal of Poirot.<ref name=acgpreview/> Fairly late in the game's development, Suchet agreed to do the voice acting.<ref name=acgpreview/> He admitted that one reason for his acceptance of the offer was that he felt possessive of the role of Poirot, considering he had been portraying the character for so long.<ref name=suchetinterview>{{cite web|url=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KkCdDffb4LE|title=David Suchet interview|accessdate=2007-06-16 |format= |work=[[Youtube]]|date=[[2006]]}}</ref> Mike Adams expressed pride at having succeeded in convincing Suchet to do voice acting for ''Murder on the Orient Express'', and said that his skillful voice acting would bring "tremendous excitement and authenticity" to the game.<ref name=strategyinformerpreview/>

[[Image:suchet in studio.jpg|thumb|left|Suchet providing the voice acting for Poirot.]]

As with ''And Then There Were None'', Lead Designer Lee Sheldon introduced a new character to the plot of ''Murder on the Orient Express'', who was not present in Christie's novel.<ref name=justadventurepreview/> The character, Antoinette Marceau, is described by Sheldon as an amalgam of two characters from the novel.<ref name=justadventurepreview/> These were Poirot's friend who ran the Orient Express, M. Bouc, and a young soldier who is present in both the novel and the [[Murder on the Orient Express (1974 film)|film version]] of the story, who shepherds Poirot to [[Istanbul]].<ref name=justadventurepreview/> Sheldon stated that he did not want to create entirely new protagonists for the Christie games, but rather draw from sources in Christie's novels to piece together the games' protagonists.<ref name=justadventurepreview/> Sheldon also addressed concerns from several early previews of the game, which asked why the player couldn't actually play as Poirot.<ref name=justadventurepreview/> He explained the choice of Marceau as the protagonist, saying "the reason for choosing Marceau over Poirot as the protagonist is that most of the fun of Poirot is seeing what he is up to, watching how he acts and solves things. I’ve always thought the more interesting character was the ‘[[John Watson (Sherlock Holmes)|Watson]]’ character rather than the [[Sherlock Holmes]] character."<ref name=justadventurepreview/>

To make Poirot an even more integral part of ''Murder on the Orient Express'', Sheldon made him into an elaborate hint system.<ref name=justadventurepreview/> After players complained about a sense of aimlessness in ''And Then There Were None'', which arose whilst they tried to find a trigger to begin the next section of gameplay, Sheldon made Poirot an "oracle of sorts," who can provide help whenever the player is stuck or unsure of what to do next.<ref name=justadventurepreview/>

The development team decided that, like with ''And Then There Were None'', they would change Christie's original for ''Murder on the Orient Express''.<ref name=strategyinformerpreview/> The aim of the developers was to create games that would appeal not only appeal to casual gamers, but also appeal to Christie fans.<ref name=strategyinformerpreview/> As nearly all Christie fans have read ''Murder on the Orient Express'', and know the solution, and considering that the novel was to included with the game, the developers decided that the ending needed to be changed.<ref name=strategyinformerpreview/> The novel has two solutions, one being what appears to be happening and the other being what is actually occuring, and the developers aimed to develop a third solution which drew on these two solutions, and still surprised the player.<ref name=justadventurepreview/> Lee Sheldon admitted that his variation to the ending of ''And Then There Were None'' received some criticism, and said that in ''Murder on the Orient Express'' changing the ending was even harder because of the sheer fame of the book and its solution.<ref name=justadventurepreview/> He also expressed his hatred of adaptations of older material which make fun of that time period, and said that he was trying to stay as faithful to Christie's work and time era as possible.<ref name=justadventurepreview/>

A major difference between ''And Then There Were None'' and ''Murder on the Orient Express'' that Sheldon pointed out was that in the former, the premise of the novel was that no one solved the murder.<ref name=justadventurepreview/> This forced Sheldon to desperately try to find a way to integrate clues into the story so that the player could actually discover the murderer, although the game remained quite uninteractive.<ref name=justadventurepreview/> In ''Murder on the Orient Express'', the actual novel follows an investigation, so Sheldon could more easily integrate clues to lead to all three possible solutions.<ref name=justadventurepreview/> Sheldon also excised unnecessary puzzles from ''Murder on the Orient Express'', as they were an unpopular feature of its predecessor.<ref name=acgpreview/>

Several graphical improvements were made to ''Murder on the Orient Express'' over ''And Then There Were None''.<ref name=strategyinformerpreview/> These were mostly dedicated to character design and animation, which were extremely poorly received features of the first Christie game.<ref name=strategyinformerpreview/> The development team introduced animation layers, allowing them to control parts of character models independently.<ref name=strategyinformerpreview/> This allowed the developers to use the same animations whether the character was sitting, standing or lying down, and also gave them more head and upper body control.<ref name=strategyinformerpreview/> In ''And Then There Were None'' characters had to rotate their entire bodies to talk to one another, whereas in ''Murder on the Orient Express'' characters can simply turn their heads.<ref name=strategyinformerpreview/> The game has no physics features, but screen resolution was increased, more detailed backgrounds were made, and characters have more polygons.<ref name=strategyinformerpreview/>

[[Image:MOE party.jpg|thumb|right|Actors portraying characters in ''Murder on the Orient Express'' attending the game's launch party.]]

Research was a major component of the developmental stages of ''Murder on the Orient Express''.<ref name=justadventurepreview/> Most of the research was focussed on [[Yugoslavia]] in [[1934]], the game's setting. Sheldon focussed on the political and scientific situation of of this era, and explained his intensive research, saying "all of the puzzles have to be contextual. They all have to either help character, help story or define period."<ref name=justadventurepreview/> The developers also drew influence from a train museum outside [[Miami]] with an original Pullman carriage - the same as the carriages used on the Orient Express.<ref name=acgpreview/> The museum also contained a locomotive similar to the one the developers needed.<ref name=acgpreview/> The developers ended up using the train museum, several books about the Orient Express, the 1974 film version of Christie's novel, and the internet, as research resources.<ref name=acgpreview/><ref name=justadventurepreview/> With ''Murder on the Orient Express'' being the first Poirot game produced, Sheldon was careful that the game fitted into Christie's timeline of Poirot's exploits.<ref name=justadventurepreview/> The television series often took liberties with the time stories were set in, but Sheldon was determined to keep everything in strict accordance with Christie's work.<ref name=justadventurepreview/> There are several references in the game to Poirot's earlier cases, all of which are chronologically accurate.<ref name=justadventurepreview/> This was partly so that Sheldon could draw influence from the culture of specific eras of time, and also so that in the future other Poirot-based games will be chronologically accurate.<ref name=justadventurepreview/>

The official site for ''Murder on the Orient Express'' was unveiled on [[September 21]], [[2006]], and contains screenshots, character biographies and photos, environment artwork, trailers, demos, music, wallpaper and contests.<ref name=officialsiteannounced>{{cite web|url=http://au.gamespot.com/pc/adventure/agathachristiemurderontheorientexpress/news.html?sid=6158094&mode=press|title=The Adventure Company Unveils New Web Site for Agatha Christie: Murder on the Orient Express|accessdate=2007-06-16 |format= |work=[[GameSpot]]|date=[[2006]]}}</ref> ''Murder on the Orient Express'' was shipped to stores on [[November 14]], [[2006]] in [[North America]].<ref name=release>{{cite web|url=http://www.agathachristiegame.com/motoe/gfx/press/motoe_pr_ship_14nov06.pdf|title=A New Mystery is Hurtling Down the Track as The Adventure Company Ships Agatha Christie: Murder on the Orient Express for the PC|accessdate=2007-06-16 |format= |work=agathachristiegame.com|date=[[2006]]}}</ref> It received an [[Entertainment Software Rating Board|ESRB]] rating of Teen (13+) and retailed for an [[Suggested retail price|MSRP]] of [[United States dollar|US$]]29.99.<ref name=release/> The Adventure Company held a launch party for the gaming press on [[November 16]], two days after the game was shipped.<ref name=party>{{cite web|url=http://www.justadventure.com/articles/OrientExpressParty/Party.shtm|title=<s>Murder</s> Party on the Orient Express|accessdate=2007-06-17 |format= |work=justadventure.com|date=[[2006]]}}</ref> Among the guests were the development team of ''Murder on the Orient Express'', and actors portraying the game's various characters.<ref name=party/> The demo for ''Murder on the Orient Express'' was released on [[December 20]], [[2006]], and contained a small portion of the game which has the player exploring the train.<ref name=demo>{{cite web|url=http://au.gamespot.com/pc/adventure/agathachristiemurderontheorientexpress/news.html?sid=6163486&mode=press|title=The Adventure Company Announces Demo for Agatha Christie: Murder on the Orient Express|accessdate=2007-06-16 |format= |work=[[GameSpot]]|date=[[2006]]}}</ref>

==Reception==
Since its release, ''Murder on the Orient Express'' has received widely differing reviews.<ref name=metacritic>{{cite web|url=http://www.metacritic.com/games/platforms/pc/agathachristiemurderontheorientexpress|title=Agatha Christie: Murder on the Orient Express|accessdate=2007-06-18 |format= |work=[[Metacritic]]|date=[[2007]]}}</ref> According to ''[[Metacritic]]'', reviews of the game have fallen between 27% and 91%, representing a large range of opinions.<ref name=metacritic/> An aspect of gameplay in ''Murder on the Orient Express'' which received largely negative reactions was the repetitive nature of many tasks the player must complete. ''2404'' accused the game of reducing Christie's novel, and the game, into a series of repetitive and secretarial tasks, such as collecting fingerprints, passports, and other random items.<ref name=2404site/> The site further went on to say that the player is made to feel "like a secretary for Poirot."<ref name=2404site/> ''GameOver'' agreed with this view, saying that much of the game consisted of "goofy little errands" such as completing tasks for characters and mindlessly searching for objects.<ref name=gameover/> ''EuroGamer'' provides an example of this, by saying that at one point in the game the player is required to go through each cabin checking the shoe sizes of the various passengers' shoes to check if one matches shoe prints outside the train.<ref name=eurogamer>{{cite web|url=http://www.eurogamer.net/article.php?article_id=73653|title=Murder on the Orient Express|accessdate=2007-06-18 |format= |work=eurogamer.net|date=[[2007]]}}</ref> The inventory sytem featured in ''Murder on the Orient Express'' has also received signficant criticism. ''[[IGN]]'' complained that instead of being able to find item combinations through trial and error in the main screen, the player is forced to drag items to a separate screen, leading to tedious gameplay.<ref name=ign/> Some reviewers, in contrast, praised the inventory system, with ''Quandary'' calling it intuitive, and easy for players to organize.<ref name=quandary/>

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

Revision as of 01:07, 19 June 2007

Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux's marble sculpture 'Ugolino and his Sons', Metropolitan Museum of Art
La Danse (The Dance), Opera Garnier in Paris
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux.

Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux (May 11, 1827, Valenciennes –October 12, 1875, Courbevoie) was a French sculptor and painter. His early studies were under François Rude. Carpeaux won the Prix de Rome in 1854, and moving to Rome to find inspiration, he there studied the works of Michelangelo, Donatello and Verrocchio. Staying in Rome from 1854 to 1861, he obtained a taste for movement and spontaneity, which he joined with the great principles of baroque art. In 1861 he made a bust of Princess Mathilde, and this later brought him several commissions from Napoleon III. He worked at the pavilion of Flora, and the Opéra Garnier. His group La Danse (the Dance, 1869), situated on the right side of the façade, was criticised as an offence to common decency.

He never managed to finish his last work, the famous Fountain of the Four Parts of the Earth, on the Place Camille Jullian. He did finish the terrestrial globe, supported by the four figures of Asia, Europe, America and Africa, and it was Emmanuel Frémiet who completed the work by adding the eight leaping horses, the tortoises and the dolphins of the basin.

Sculptures by Carpeaux

Neapolitan Fisherboy

Carpeaux submitted a plaster version of Pêcheur napolitain à la coquille, the Neapolitan Fisherboy, to the French Academy while a student in Rome. He carved the marble version several years later, showing it in the Salon exhibition of 1863. It was purchased for Napoleon III's empress, Eugènie. The statue of the young smiling boy was very popular, and Carpeaux created a number of reproductions and variations in marble and bronze. There is a copy, for instance, in the Samuel H. Kress Collection in the National Gallery of Art in Washington D.C.

Some years later, he carved the Girl with a Shell, a very similar study.

Carpeaux sought real life subjects in the streets and broke with the classical tradition. The Neapolitan Fisherboy's body is carved in intimate detail and shows an intricately balanced pose. Carpeaux claimed that he based the Neapolitan Fisherboy on a boy he had seen during a trip to Naples.

External links

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