Myspace

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MySpace.com
MySpace logo
File:Tom profile.jpg
Typical MySpace profile (MySpace co-founder Tom Anderson's profile shown here)
Type of site
Social network service
HeadquartersSanta Monica, California, USA
OwnerNews Corporation
Created byThomas Anderson and Christopher DeWolfe
URLhttp://www.myspace.com
CommercialYes
RegistrationRequired for most services
Fox Interactive Media headquarters (where MySpace is also housed)

MySpace is a popular social networking website offering an interactive, user-submitted network of friends, personal profiles, blogs, groups, photos, music and videos internationally. It is headquartered in Beverly Hills, California, USA,[1] where it shares an office building with its immediate owner, Fox Interactive Media; in turn, the owner of Fox Interactive (and therefore MySpace), News Corporation, is headquartered in New York City.

According to Alexa Internet, MySpace is currently the world's sixth most popular English-language website and the sixth most popular website in any language,[2] and the third most popular website in the United States, though it has topped the chart on various weeks[3]. The service has gradually gained more popularity than similar websites to achieve nearly 80% of visits to online social networking websites.[3] It has become an increasingly influential part of contemporary popular culture, especially in English speaking countries.[citation needed]

The company employs 300 staff[4] and does not disclose revenues or profits separately from News Corporation. With the 100 millionth account being created on August 9, 2006,[5] in The Netherlands[6] and a news story claiming 106 million accounts on September 8, 2006,[7] the site reportedly attracts new registrations at a rate of 230,000 per day.

History

The current MySpace service was founded in November 2003 [2] by Tom Anderson (an alumnus of both the University of California, Berkeley and the University of California, Los Angeles), the current president and CEO; Chris DeWolfe (a graduate of University of Southern California's Marshall School of Business); and a small team of programmers. It was partially owned by Intermix Media, which was bought in July 2005 for US$580 million by Rupert Murdoch's News Corporation (the parent company of Fox Broadcasting and other media enterprises).[8] Of this amount, approx. US$327m has been attributed to the value of MySpace according to the financial advisor fairness opinion.[9]

The corporate history of MySpace as well as the status of Tom Anderson as a MySpace founder has been a matter of some public dispute.

In January 2006, Fox announced plans to launch a UK version of MySpace in a bid to "tap into the UK music scene"[10] which they have since done. They also plan to launch in China and possibly other countries.[11]

Contents of a MySpace profile

Blurbs, blogs, multimedia

Profiles contain two standard "blurbs": "About Me" and "Who I'd Like to Meet" sections. Profiles also contain an "Interests" section and a "Details" section. However, fields in these sections will not be displayed if members do not fill them in. Profiles also contain a blog with standard fields for content, emotion, and media. MySpace also supports uploading images. One of the images can be chosen to be the "default image," the image that will be seen on the profile's main page, search page, and as the image that will appear to the side of the user's name on comments, messages, etc. Flash, such as on MySpace's video service, can be embedded. Also there is a "details" section which allows the user to provide personal information on the user such as his/her race, religion, and sexual orientation. As of May 2, 2007, a very popular Myspace Group called "I Support" reported that the sexual orientation feature of Myspace had removed the option of "gay." While most rumors that float around My Space end up as false; doing a quick check of this rumor reveals that in fact, "gay" has been removed from the options of sexual orientation. The only ones that appear are straight, lesbian, not sure, and no answer. Myspace states that this was an error caused by a bug in the system.

Friend Space

File:Onlinenow.gif
An image used to signify when a friend is signed in

The User's Friends Space contains a count of a user's friends, a "Top Friends" area, and a link to view all of the user's friends. Users can choose a certain number of friends to be displayed on their profile in the "Top Friends" area. The "Top Friends" used to be restricted to eight friends, commonly called the "Top 8". People bypassed this limitation by using third-party tools to emulate a "Top X" friends. MySpace now allows four, eight, twelve, sixteen, twenty, twenty-four, and now up to and including fourty friends to be displayed in the "Top Friends" area. If a friend's page has been deleted, blank spaces will be shown on the pages. If the user clicks onto "edit friends", there will be a block that says, "this profile no longer exists". Before the "Top 8" system was put in place, the eight friends displayed on the user's profile were the first eight friends to sign up for Myspace. When the user's entire friend list is viewed, all of their friends are shown sorted in order of their signup date, regardless of their placement in the user's "Top Friends."

Comments

Below the User's Friends Space (by default) is the "comments" section, wherein the user's friends may leave comments for all viewers to read. MySpace users have the option to delete any comment and/or require all comments to be approved before posting. If a user's account is deleted, every comment left on other profiles by that user will be deleted, and replaced with the comment saying "This Profile No Longer Exists." Comments have been the real engine behind MySpace.[citation needed] Many sites were developed to offer HTML comments like MySpace comments. [citation needed] These HTML comments are mainly links to images on other sites, and offer bandwidth in return for visitors.[citation needed]

Profile customization (HTML)

Wikinews has related news:

MySpace allows users to customize their user profile pages by entering HTML (but not JavaScript) into such areas as "About Me", "I'd Like to Meet", and "Interests". Videos, and flash-based content can be included this way. Users also have the option to add music to their profile pages via MySpace Music, a service that allows bands to post songs for use on MySpace.

A user can also change the general appearance of his page by entering CSS (in a <style> ... </style> element) into one of these fields to override the page's default style sheet using myspace editors. This is often used to tweak fonts and colors, but it has its limitations due to poorly-structured HTML used on the profile page. The fact that the user-added CSS is located in the middle of the page (rather than being located in the <head> element) means that the page will begin to load with the default MySpace layout before abruptly changing to the custom layout.

There are several independent web sites offering MySpace layout design utilities which let a user select options and preview what their page will look like with them.

MySpace has recently added its own "Profile Customizer" to the site, allowing users to change their profile through MySpace; therefore, the issue with CSS loading too late is resolved, as the MySpace default profile appearance is changed for the customized profile.

Music

MySpace profiles for musicians are different from normal profiles in that artists are allowed to upload up to five MP3 songs. The uploader must have rights to use the songs (e.g their own work, permission granted, etc). Unsigned musicians can use MySpace to post and sell music, which has proven popular among MySpace users.

MySpace features

Bulletins

Bulletins are posts that are posted on to a "bulletin board" for everyone on a MySpace user's friends list to see. Bulletins can be useful for notifying an entire, but usually a portion of the friends list (depending on how many friends are added), without resorting to messaging users individually. Some users choose to use Bulletins as a service for delivering chain messages about politics, religion, or anything else and sometimes these chain messages are condsidered threatening to the users, especially the ones that mention bad luck, death, or topics similar to that.[12] They have also become the primary attack point for phishing. Bulletins are deleted after ten days.

Groups

MySpace has a Groups feature which allows a group of users to share a common page and message board. Groups can be created by anybody, and the moderator of the group can choose for anyone to join, or to approve or deny requests to join.

MySpace IM

Main article: MySpaceIM

In early 2006, MySpace introduced MySpaceIM, an instant messenger that uses one's MySpace account as a screen name. A MySpace user logs in to the client using the same e-mail associated with his or her MySpace account. Unlike other parts of MySpace, MySpaceIM is stand-alone software for Microsoft Windows. Users who use MySpaceIM get instant notification of new MySpace messages, friend requests, and comments.

MySpace Mobile

There are a variety of environments in which users can access MySpace content on their mobile phone. American mobile phone provider Helio released a series of mobile phones in early 2006 that can utilise a service known as MySpace Mobile to access and edit one's profile and communicate with, and view the profiles of, other members.[13] Additionally, UIEvolution and MySpace developed a mobile version of MySpace for a wider range of carriers, including Cingular.[14] MySpace Mobile will be appearing on Vodafone in Britain during the first half of 2007.[15]

Controversy over corporate history

Spam / Tom Anderson PR

In September 2006, a lengthy article written by journalism student Trent Lapinski, "MySpace: The Business of Spam 2.0", was published by the Silicon Valley gossip blog, Valleywag (a Gawker Media property). The article recounted a detailed corporate history of MySpace, alleging that what was now regarded as a social networking website had been originally designed as a spam delivery system aimed at exploiting Friendster, and had initially gained popularity through an intensive mass email campaign rather than word of mouth [16]. Amongst other claims was the assertion that Tom Anderson had originally been hired as a copyeditor and his "founder" and "first friend" status was a public relations invention. Lapinski suggested that News Corp. had attempted to suppress the publication of the history. News Corp. declined to comment publicly on the article[citation needed].

Brad Greenspan / The MySpace Report

In October 2006, Brad Greenspan (the former Chairman, CEO and largest individual shareholder of Intermix Media, who claims to be the true "founder of MySpace") launched a website and published "The MySpace Report" that called for the Securities and Exchange Commission, the United States Department of Justice and the U.S. Senate Committee on Finance to investigate News Corp's acquisition of MySpace as "one of the largest merger and acquisition scandals in U.S. history".[17] The report's main allegation is that News Corp. should have valued MySpace at US$20 billion rather than US$327 million, and had, in effect, defrauded Intermix shareholders through an unfair deal process.[18] The report received a mixed response from financial commentators in the press.[19] An initial lawsuit led by Greenspan challenging the acquisition was dismissed by a judge.[20]

Greenspan's report also states that the MySpace program code had originally been the brainchild of an Intermix/eUniverse programmer named Toan Nguyen who made the breakthrough technical contributions to the project.[21]

Valleywag speculated that Greenspan was likely a key source for Lapinski's September article, "MySpace founder accuses company of defrauding investors of $20 billion". As of November 2006, Lapinski was listed as a staff member of CensorSpace.com - a blog focused on alleged excessive censorship on MySpace and other websites, and which was founded by Greenspan.

Criticism

Accessibility

Because most MySpace pages are designed by individuals with little HTML experience, a very large proportion of pages do not satisfy the criteria for valid HTML or CSS laid down by the W3C. Poorly formatted code can cause accessibility problems for those using software such as screen readers.[22] The MySpace home page, as of June 11, 2007, fails HTML validation with 223 errors, using the W3C's validator.

Furthermore, MySpace is set up so that anyone can customise the layout and colors of their profile page with virtually no restrictions, provided that the advertisements are not covered up by CSS or using other means. As MySpace users are usually not skilled web developers, this can cause further problems. Poorly constructed MySpace profiles could potentially freeze up web browsers due to malformed CSS coding, or as a result of users placing many high bandwidth objects such as videos, graphics, and Flash in their profiles (sometimes multiple videos and soundfiles are automatically played at the same time when a profile loads). PC World magazine cited this as its main reason for naming MySpace as #1 in its list of twenty-five worst web sites ever.[23]

In addition, new features have been gradually added. This, and the increasing number of MySpace members, leads to an increase in bandwidth used. This increase in usage often slows down the servers and may result in a "Server Too Busy" error message for some users who are on at peak hours, "Sorry! an unexpected error has occurred. This error has been forwarded to MySpace's technical group.", or a variety of any other error messages throughout the day.[citation needed]

Security

In October 2005, a flaw in the MySpace's site design was exploited by a user only known as "Samy" to create the world's first self-propagating cross-site scripting (XSS) worm. MSNBC has also reported that MySpace is a "hotbed" for spyware, and that infection rates are rising because of MySpace.[24] In addition to this, the customization of user pages currently allows the injection of certain HTML which can be crafted to form a phishing user profile, thus keeping the myspace.com domain as the address.[25] More recently, there has been spam on bulletins that has been the result of phishing.[26] Users find their MySpace homepage with bulletins they didn't post, realizing later they had been phished. The bulletin consists of an advertisement that provides a link to a fake login screen, tricking people into typing in their MySpace e-mail and password.

Other security fears regarding profile content itself are also present. For example, the embedding of videos inherently allows all of the format's abilities and functions to be used on a page. A prime example of this surfaced in December 2006, when embedded QuickTime videos were shown to contain hyperlinks to JavaScript files, which would be run simply by a user visiting a 'phished' profile page, or even in some cases by simply viewing a user's 'about me' elsewhere on the site. Users who entered their login information into a fake login bar that appeared would also become 'phished', and their account would be used to spam other members, thus spreading this security problem.[27]

In April 2007, a house in the United Kingdom was wrecked by gatecrashers storming a party after reading an invite for it on MySpace. The party caused an estimated £20,000 worth of damage, forcing the family to move out after graffiti was sprayed on walls and light fixtures were ripped out. Rachel Bell, the organizer of the party, claimed that her account was hacked and she only expected a small number of people to turn up. The resulting situation required several police cars and a dog-handling unit in order to restore peace.[28]

Child safety

The minimum age to register an account on MySpace is 14.[29] Profiles with ages set to 14 or 15 years are automatically private. Users whose ages are set at 16 or over have the option to restrict their profiles and the option of allowing certain personal data to be restricted to people other than those on their friends list. Accessing the full profile of, or messaging someone when their account is set to "private" (or if under sixteen) is restricted to a MySpace user's direct friends.

MySpace will delete these profiles if the victim verifies their identity and points out the profile via e-mail.[30]

Recently, MySpace has been the focus of a number of news reports stating that teenagers have found ways around the restrictions set by MySpace, and have been the target of online predators.[31] In response, MySpace has given assurances to parents that the website is safe for people of all ages. Beginning in late June 2006, MySpace users whose ages are set over 18 could no longer be able to add users whose ages are set from 14 to 15 years as friends unless they already know the user's full name or email address.[32] Some third party Internet safety companies like Social Shield[33] have launched online communities for parents concerned about their child's safety on MySpace.

In June 2006, 16-year-old Katherine Lester flew to the Middle East, to Tel Aviv, Israel, after having tricked her parents into getting her a passport in order to be with a 20-year-old man she met through MySpace.[34] U.S. officials in Jordan persuaded the teen to turn around and go home.

Though MySpace has established rules on child safety, they were not enforced until January 17, 2007.

In December 2006, MySpace announced new measures to protect children from known sex offenders. Although precise details were not given they said that "tools" would be implemented to prevent known sex offenders from the USA creating a MySpace profile.[35]

In February 2007, a U.S. District Judge in Texas dismissed a case when a family sued MySpace for negligence, fraud and misrepresentation; a girl in the family had been sexually assaulted by a man she met through MySpace, after she had misrepresented her age as 18 when she was 13. Regarding his dismissal of the case, U.S. District Judge Sam Sparks wrote: "If anyone had a duty to protect Julie Doe, it was her parents, not MySpace."[36]

Social and cultural

Dave Itzkoff, in the June 2006 Playboy magazine, related his experiences experimenting with membership in MySpace. Among his criticisms are that the distance afforded by the Internet emboldens members, such as females who feature photos of themselves in little clothing on their profile pages, to behave in ways that they would not behave in person, and that this duplicity undercuts the central philosophy of MySpace, which is to bring people together. Itzkoff also references the addictive, time-consuming nature of the site, mentioning that Playboy Playmate and MySpace member Julie McCullough, who was the first to respond to his Add request, refers to the site as "cybercrack". Itzkoff claims that MySpace gives many people access to a member’s life, without giving the time needed to maintain such relationships, and that such relationships do not possess the depth of in-person relationships.

Itzkoff is particularly critical of the disturbing and fraudulent behavior of people who can contact a member, unsolicited, as when he was contacted by someone expressing a desire to socialize and date, but whose blog (to which Itzkoff was directed via subsequent emails) turned out to be a solicitation for a series of commercial porn sites. Itzkoff is also critical of more subtle commercial solicitations on the site, such as the banner ads and links to profiles and video clips that turn out to be commercials for new 20th Century Fox films. Itzkoff also observes that MySpace’s much-celebrated music section is heavily weighted in favor of record labels rather than breakthrough musicians.

Itzkoff also relates criticism from another person he calls "Judas", who asserts that while the goal of attempting to bring together people who might not otherwise associate with one another in real life may seem honorable, it violates a social contract that exists when people interact in person, which render MySpace nothing more than a passing fad:

There will come a moment when, like deer quivering and flicking up their ears toward a noiseless noise in the woods, the first adopters will suddenly realize they’re spending their time blogging and adding and gawking at the same alarming photos an army of 14-year olds are and, quick as deer, they’ll dash to the next trend. And before you know it, we’ll all follow.[37]

Censorship

MySpace has also been accused of censorship by a number of political websites, including PrisonPlanet.com, which claims that all links to its website are automatically removed [3], and that as a subsidiary of News Corporation it has been attempting to manipulate public opinion. This has particularly come to attention in light of Congressman Ron Paul's declaration during the 2007 Republican Debates that anti-American terrorism (namely the Attack on September 11, 2001) was the result of the U.S. presence in the Middle East over the previous half-century.

Stalking

According to Alison Kiss, program director for Security on Campus, social networking websites such as MySpace and Facebook have made it easier for stalkers who target women on college campuses.[38]

MySpace China

The Chinese version of MySpace, launched in April of 2007, has many censorship-related differences from other international versions of the service. Discussion forums on topics such as religion and politics are absent, and a filtering system that prevents the posting of content about Taiwan independence, the Dalai Lama, Falun Gong, and other "inappropriate topics" has been added.[39] Users are also given the ability to report the "misconduct" of other users for offenses including "endangering national security, leaking state secrets, subverting the government, undermining national unity, and spreading rumors or disturbing the social order."[40]

See also: Internet censorship in the People's Republic of China

International sites

Since early 2006, MySpace has offered the option to access the service in different regional versions. The alternative regional versions present automated content according to locality (e.g. UK users see other UK users as "Cool New People", and UK oriented events and adverts, etc.), offer local languages other than English, or accommodate the regional differences in spelling and conventions in the English-speaking world (e.g. United States: "favorites", mm/dd/yyyy; the rest of the world: "favourites", dd/mm/yyyy).

Sites currently offerred are:

MySpace is also looking at expansion into India, Korea, and South Africa.

Musicians' rights and MySpace Terms of Use Agreement

Until June 2006, there was a concern amongst musicians, artists, and bands on MySpace such as songwriter Billy Bragg owing to the fine print within the user agreement that read, "You hereby grant to MySpace.com a non-exclusive, fully-paid and royalty-free, worldwide license (with the right to sublicense through unlimited levels of sublicensees) to use, copy, modify, adapt, translate, publicly perform, publicly display, store, reproduce, transmit, and distribute such Content on and through the Services". The fine print brought particular concern as the agreement was being made with Murdoch's News Corporation. Billy Bragg brought the issue to the attention of the media during the first week of June 2006.[41] Jeff Berman, a MySpace spokesman swiftly responded by saying, "Because the legalese has caused some confusion, we are at work revising it to make it very clear that MySpace is not seeking a license to do anything with an artist's work other than allow it to be shared in the manner the artist intends".

By June 27, 2006, MySpace had amended the user agreement with, "MySpace.com does not claim any ownership rights in the text, files, images, photos, video, sounds, musical works, works of authorship, or any other materials (collectively, 'Content') that you post to the MySpace Services. After posting your Content to the MySpace Services, you continue to retain all ownership rights in such Content, and you continue to have the right to use your Content in any way you choose".

Blocking

Many schools and public libraries in the United States, United Kingdom and Australia have restricted access to MySpace because it has become "such a haven for student gossip and malicious comments".[42]

A Catholic school in New Jersey has even prohibited students from using MySpace at home, an action made to protect students from online predators as claimed by the school, although experts questioned the legality of such a ban.[43][44][45]

On July 28 2006, the United States House of Representatives passed a controversial bill requiring libraries and schools receiving certain types of federal funding (E-rate) to prevent unsupervised minors from using chat rooms and social networking websites, such as MySpace. This bill, known as the Deleting Online Predators Act of 2006 (DOPA), was approved by a 410-15 vote in the United States House of Representatives but was not brought to a vote in the United States Senate. Since the Congressional session of its introduction expired, the bill must be reintroduced in either chamber to be voted upon again.

Legal issues

In May 2006, Long Island, New York teenagers Shaun Harrison and Saverio Mondelli were charged with illegal computer access and attempted extortion of MySpace, after both had allegedly hacked into the site to steal the personal information of MySpace users before threatening to share the secrets of how they broke into the website unless MySpace paid them $150,000. Both teens were arrested by undercover Los Angeles police detectives posing as MySpace employees.[46]

In April 2007, police in County Durham, United Kingdom, arrested a 17-year-old girl on charges of criminal damage following a party advertised on MySpace, held at her parents' house without their consent. Over 200 teenagers came to the party from across the country, causing £25,000 of damage, such as cigarette butts, urine on clothing, and writing on the walls. The girl's parents, who were away at the time, may have to move out of the house.[47]

Celebrities on MySpace

Some MySpace users have enjoyed a degree of fame due to their accounts. One example is Christine "ForBiddeN" Dolce's appearance on The Tyra Banks Show and her own Playboy pictorial in the October 2006 issue. MySpace's music section has also helped many amateur bands progress. One illustrative example is English band Arctic Monkeys, who owe some of their success to the publicity that MySpace generated for them. When asked about the popularity of the band's MySpace website in an interview with Prefix magazine, the band pointed out that they did not even know what MySpace was, and that their page had originally been created by their fans. It has been claimed that pop artist Lily Allen's fame is also due in part to her being promoted on MySpace. In response to an interview question on Triple J, in which she was asked if she was 'discovered by MySpace', Allen stated, "Not accurate at all, I had a record deal before I set up my MySpace account so, erm, that's ... couldn't really be further from the truth."[48]

YouTube

YouTube first appeared on the web in early 2005, and it quickly gained popularity on MySpace due to MySpace users ability to embed YouTube videos in their MySpace profiles. Realising the competitive threat to the new MySpace Videos service, MySpace banned embedded YouTube videos from its user profiles. MySpace users widely protested the ban, prompting MySpace to lift the ban shortly thereafter. But since then, links from each embedded video on MySpace to the home pages of the video on YouTube have been blocked making it more difficult to find the same videos on YouTube's website.[49]

Since then YouTube has become one of the fastest-growing websites on the World Wide Web,[50] outgrowing MySpace's reach according to Alexa Internet.[51] In July 2006 several news organisations reported that YouTube had overtaken MySpace.[52] In a September 2006 investor meeting, News Corp. COO Peter Chernin claimed that virtually all modern Web applications (naming YouTube, Flickr, and Photobucket) were really just "driven off the back of MySpace" and that "we ought to be able to match them if not exceed them".[53]

Advertising

See also

References

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  2. ^ Alexa Internet's Alexa.com's website rankings system and top 500 global websites. Retrieved January 25, 2007
  3. ^ a b "MySpace gains top ranking of US Web sites". Reuters. 2006-07-11. Retrieved 2006-08-09.
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  5. ^ "100,000,000th Account". MySpace. 2007-02-25. Retrieved 2007-02-21.
  6. ^ Murdoch, Rupert (2006-08-09). "Rupert Murdoch Comments on Fox Interactive's Growth". SeekingAlpha. Retrieved 2006-09-12.
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  11. ^ MySpace China, Germany, and France this Summer?
  12. ^ Chit Chat
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  14. ^ "MySpace Picks UIEvolution to Develop Mobile User Interface, Experiences". ScreenPlays. Retrieved 2006-09-27.
  15. ^ "MySpace partners with Vodafone". StrategyWire. Retrieved 2007-02-08.
  16. ^ http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F10B12FF38550C758DDDA00894DE404482
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  28. ^ http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2007/04/13/nparty13.xml
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  33. ^ "Social Shield Offers Help for Parents Struggling with Children on MySpace.com and other Social Networks". PR Web.
  34. ^ http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,198981,00.html
  35. ^ "MySpace to 'block sex offenders'". BBC News Online. 2006-12-07. Retrieved 2006-12-07. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  36. ^ "MySpace suit dismissed by judge in Texas". San Francisco Chronicle. 2007-02-15. Retrieved 2007-02-16. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  37. ^ Itzkoff, Dave; Playboy magazine; June 2006
  38. ^ Stalking 'definitely a problem' for women at college from the USA Today, 04-23-07
  39. ^ Lu Enjie (2007-04-26). "MySpace now available in China - minus politics and religion". Texyt.com.
  40. ^ "MySpace.cn使用协议条款" (in Chinese). MySpace.cn. Retrieved 2007-04-28.
  41. ^ Orlowski, Andrew (2006-06-8). "Billy Bragg prompts MySpace Rethink". The Register. Retrieved 2006-09-12. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  42. ^ "Schools race to restrict MySpace". Curriculum Review. October 2005.
  43. ^ In Autumn 2005 Pope John XXIII Regional High School in Sparta Township, New Jersey made headlines by forbidding its students to have pages on MySpace or similar websites or face suspension or expulsion, even if only using the website outside of school."The MySpace case". The Daily News, Longview, Washington. 2006-01-22. Retrieved 2006-02-15. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  44. ^ [1]
  45. ^ Blogging ban provokes a debate over cyberspace: Pope John H.S. demands that online profiles end, calls forums havens for sexual predators, Daily Record, October 24, 2005
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  48. ^ "triple j radio, Australia - video piece about MySpace". triple j/ABC.
  49. ^ Carlos (2006-01-10). "So That's Why MySpace Blocked YouTube". Techdirt.com. Retrieved 2006-07-28.
  50. ^ "YouTube Fastest Growing Website" Advertising Age
  51. ^ "Info for YouTube.com". Alexa.com. 2006-07-26. Retrieved 2006-07-26.
  52. ^ "YouTube overtakes MySpace". Guardian Unlimited. 2006-07-31. Retrieved 2006-07-31.
  53. ^ Kirkpatrick, Marshall (2006-09-12). "MySpace: We don't need Web 2.0". TechCrunch. Retrieved 2006-10-10.
  54. ^ "Google signs $900m News Corp deal". BBC News. 2006-08-07. Retrieved 2006-09-09.
  55. ^ Vance, Ashlee (2006-08-07). "Google pays $900m to monetise children via MySpace". The Register. Retrieved 2006-09-09.
  56. ^ Clark, Andrew (2006-08-08). "Google to pay $900m for MySpace link-up". Guardian Unlimited Business. Retrieved 2006-09-09.

Further reading

External links

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