Gunla Bajan: Difference between revisions
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[[File:Nyata gunla bajan.jpg|thumb|Gunla Bajan players in Kathmandu]] |
[[File:Nyata gunla bajan.jpg|thumb|Gunla Bajan players in Kathmandu]] |
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'''Gunla Bajan''' ({{Lang-new|गुंला बाजं}}) is devotional music played by Newar Buddhists of [[Nepal]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Lewis|first=Todd T.|title=Notes on the Uray and the Modernization of Newar Buddhism|url=http://www.thlib.org/static/reprints/contributions/CNAS_23_01_08.pdf|accessdate=4 January 2012|newspaper=Contributions to Nepalese Studies|date=January 1996}} Page 111.</ref> "Gunla" is the name of the tenth month in the [[Nepal Sambat]] calendar, which corresponds to August, and "bajan" means music. Gunla is a holy month for Newar Buddhists when they recite the scriptures and visit places of worship playing devotional music. |
'''Gunla Bajan''' ({{Lang-new|गुंला बाजं}}) is devotional music played by Newar Buddhists of [[Nepal]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Lewis|first=Todd T.|title=Notes on the Uray and the Modernization of Newar Buddhism|url=http://www.thlib.org/static/reprints/contributions/CNAS_23_01_08.pdf|accessdate=4 January 2012|newspaper=Contributions to Nepalese Studies|date=January 1996}} Page 111.</ref> "Gunla" is the name of the tenth month in the [[Nepal Sambat]] calendar, which corresponds to August, and "bajan" means music. Gunla is a holy month for Newar Buddhists when they recite the scriptures and visit places of worship playing devotional music. |
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Revision as of 15:11, 4 January 2012
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Gunla Bajan (Newar: गुंला बाजं) is devotional music played by Newar Buddhists of Nepal.[1] "Gunla" is the name of the tenth month in the Nepal Sambat calendar, which corresponds to August, and "bajan" means music. Gunla is a holy month for Newar Buddhists when they recite the scriptures and visit places of worship playing devotional music.
The practice of observing the sacred month is descended from the rains retreat dating from the Buddha's time when monks stayed in one place and taught the Dharma.
Performances
Gunla musical bands make daily pilgrimages to Swayambhu and other Buddhist sites early in the morning during the holy month. The main days are Bahidyah Swahwanegu, when devotees playing Gunla music visit sacred courtyards to view the Buddha images put on display for the festival; and Nisala Chhawanegu, when offerings are made to Swayambhu and concerts are held at one's neighborhoods. Gunla musical bands also lead processions during New Year's Day of Nepal Sambat.
Societies based on locality or caste, in which membership is hereditary, perform the annual calendar of activities. These groups also conduct music lessons and organize religious festivals, hymn singing sessions and feasts.[2]
The music
A performance of Gunla music starts with Dyah Lhayegu, a short salutation to the deities. Separate pieces of music are played when marching in procession, going around a shrine and crossing a bridge. These are known as Lawantah, Chwah, Graha, Astara and Partal.
Gwara is a long piece of music which is played in temple squares and sacred courtyards with the musicians standing in a circle. It is 15 to 20 minutes long. The popular ones are Annapurna Gwara, Swetkali Gwara and Sangin Gwara.
The instruments
The double-sided drum known as "dhaa", which is the main instrument in Gunla music, is believed to have been played in the Kathmandu Valley for 2,000 years. It is struck on the left side with a short stick and on the right side with the hand.
Trumpets and clarinets are used to play the tune. Originally, local wind instruments known as "mwahali" and "basuri" provided the tune.
The other instruments used are "taa" and "bhusya", small and large cymbals respectively. The "naykhin" small drum and "chhusya" cymbals form a separate set of instruments. The "payentah" is a long trumpet.[3]
References
- ^ Lewis, Todd T. (January 1996). "Notes on the Uray and the Modernization of Newar Buddhism" (PDF). Contributions to Nepalese Studies. Retrieved 4 January 2012. Page 111.
- ^ "Music of Buddha". The Himalayan Times. 5 August 2011. Retrieved 4 January 2012.
- ^ Vajracharya, Madansen (1998). "Lokabaja in Newar Buddhist Culture". Retrieved 4 January 2012.