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===2009 Virginia Terrorism Threat Assessment===
===2009 Virginia Terrorism Threat Assessment===
In early April 2009, the Virginia Fusion Center came under criticism for publishing a terrorism threat assessment which stated that certain universities are potential hubs for terror related activity.<ref>http://rawstory.com/news/2008/Virginia_terror_assessment_targets_enormous_crosssection_0406.html</ref> The report targeted [[historically black colleges]] and identified [[hacktivism]] as a form of terrorism.<ref>http://rawstory.com/images/other/vafusioncenterterrorassessment.pdf</ref>
In early April 2009, the Virginia Fusion Center came under criticism for publishing a terrorism threat assessment which stated that certain universities are potential hubs for terror related activity.<ref>http://rawstory.com/news/2008/Virginia_terror_assessment_targets_enormous_crosssection_0406.html</ref> The report targeted [[historically black colleges]] and identified [[hacktivism]] as a form of terrorism.<ref>http://rawstory.com/images/other/vafusioncenterterrorassessment.pdf</ref>

== Existing Fusion Centers ==
*The Arizona Counter Terrorism Information Center (ACTIC) ([http://www.azactic.gov/Terrorism/ website])
*California State Terrorism Assessment Center (STTAC)
*California Regional Terrorism Threat Analysis Centers (RTTAC) (San Diego, San Francisco, Los Angeles, and Sacramento)
*Joint Regional Intelligence Center (JRIC) (Los Angeles)
*Colorado Information Analysis Center (CIAC)
*Connecticut Intelligence Center (CTIC)
*Delaware Information Analysis Center (DIAC)
*District of Columbia or the Metropolitan Washington Fusion Center (MWFC)
*Florida Department of Law Enforcement's Office Of Statewide Intelligence (FDLE)
*Georgia Information Sharing and Analysis Center (GISAC)
*Illinois Statewide Terrorism and Intelligence Center (STIC)
*Chicago Crime Prevention and Information Center (CPIC)
*Indiana Intelligence Fusion Center (IIFC)
*Iowa Intelligence Fusion Center
*Kansas Threat Integration Center (KSTIC)
*Kentucky Intelligence Fusion Center (KIFC)
*Louisiana State Analysis & Fusion Exchange (La-SAFE)
*Maine Intelligence and Analysis Center
*Maryland Coordination and Analysis Center (MCAC)
*Massachusetts or the Commonwealth Fusion Center (CFC)
*Northeast Ohio Regional Fusion Center (NEORFC)
*Michigan Intelligence Operation Center (MIOC)
*Minnesota Joint Analysis Center (MN-JAC)
*Mississippi Analysis and Information Center (MSAIC) ([http://www.homelandsecurity.ms.gov/msaic.html website])
*Missouri Information Analysis Center (MIAC)
*Montana All-Threat Intelligence Center (MATIC)
*New Jersey or The Regional Operations Intelligence Center (ROIC)
*New Mexico All Source Intelligence Center (NMASIC)
*New York State Intelligence Center (NYSIC)
*North Carolina Information Sharing and Analysis Center (ISAAC) ([http://www.esrmo.scio.nc.gov/MalwareThreatsandMitigationStrategies.htm website])
*North Dakota Fusion Center
*Ohio Homeland Security Division's Strategic Analysis and Information Center (SAIC)
*[[Oklahoma Office of Homeland Security|Oklahoma State Fusion Center]]
*Oregon Terrorism Intelligence and Threat Assessment Network (TITAN)
*Pennsylvania Criminal Intelligence Center (PaCIC)
*Rhode Island Fusion Center
*South Carolina Information Exchange (SCIEx)
*South Dakota Fusion Center
*Tennessee Regional Information Center (TRIC)
*Texas Fusion Center, Intelligence and Counterterrorism Division (ICT) ([http://www.txdps.state.tx.us/IntelligenceCounterTerrorism/ website])
*Washington State Fusion Center (WSFC)
*North Central Texas Fusion System (NTFS)
*Austin Regional Information Center (ARIC)
*Vermont Fusion Center
*Virginia Fusion Center (VFC)
*West Virginia Intelligence Fusion Center (WVIFC) ([http://www.wv.gov/fusioncenter/pages/default.aspx website])
*Wisconsin Statewide Intelligence Center (WSIC)
*Milwaukee-based Southeastern Terrorism Alert Center (STAC)


==See also==
==See also==

Revision as of 14:28, 7 September 2010

A fusion center is a terrorism prevention and response center that was started as a joint project between the Department of Homeland Security and the US Department of Justice's Office of Justice Programs between 2003 and 2007.

The fusion centers gather information not only from government sources, but also from their partners in the private sector.[1][2]

They are designed to promote information sharing at the federal level between agencies such as the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), Department of Justice, US Military and state and local level government. As of July 2009, the Department of Homeland Security recognized at least seventy-two fusion centers.[3] Fusion centers may also be affiliated with an Emergency Operations Center that responds in the event of a disaster.

State and local police departments provide both space and resources for the majority of fusion centers. The analysts working there can be drawn from DHS, local police, or the private sector. A number of fusion centers operate tip hotlines and also invite relevant information from public employees, such as sanitation workers or firefighters.[4]

Criticism

There are a number of documented criticisms of fusion centers, including relative ineffectiveness at counterterrorism activities, the potential to be used for secondary purposes unrelated to counterterrorism, and their links to violations of civil liberties of American citizens and others.[5]

MIAC Report

Missouri Information Analysis Center (MIAC) made news in 2009 for targeting supporters of third party candidates (such as Ron Paul), pro-life activists, and conspiracy theorists as potential militia members.[6] Anti-war activists and Islamic lobby groups were targeted in Texas, drawing criticism from the ACLU.[7]

According to the Department of Homeland Security:[8]

[T]he Privacy Office has identified a number of risks to privacy presented by the fusion center program:


  1. Justification for fusion centers
  2. Ambiguous Lines of Authority, Rules, and Oversight
  3. Participation of the Military and the Private Sector
  4. Data Mining
  5. Excessive Secrecy
  6. Inaccurate or Incomplete Information
  7. Mission Creep

2009 Virginia Terrorism Threat Assessment

In early April 2009, the Virginia Fusion Center came under criticism for publishing a terrorism threat assessment which stated that certain universities are potential hubs for terror related activity.[9] The report targeted historically black colleges and identified hacktivism as a form of terrorism.[10]

See also

References

  1. ^ Monahan, T. 2009. The Murky World of 'Fusion Centres'. Criminal Justice Matters 75 (1): 20-21.
  2. ^ http://www.securitymanagement.com/article/smashing-intelligence-stovepipes?page=0%2C1
  3. ^ Report on Fusion Centers July 29, 2009 Democracy Now
  4. ^ Monahan, T. and Palmer, N.A. 2009. The Emerging Politics of DHS Fusion Centers. Security Dialogue 40 (6): 617-636.
  5. ^ Monahan, T. and Palmer, N.A. 2009. The Emerging Politics of DHS Fusion Centers. Security Dialogue 40 (6): 617-636.
  6. ^ http://www.foxnews.com/politics/first100days/2009/03/23/fusion-centers-expand-criteria-identify-militia-members/
  7. ^ http://www.securitymanagement.com/news/fusion-centers-under-fire-texas-and-new-mexico-005314
  8. ^ Privacy Impact Assessment for the Department of Homeland Security State, Local, and Regional Fusion Center Initiative December 11, 2008 [1]
  9. ^ http://rawstory.com/news/2008/Virginia_terror_assessment_targets_enormous_crosssection_0406.html
  10. ^ http://rawstory.com/images/other/vafusioncenterterrorassessment.pdf

External links


Video

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