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{{For|the Marine Corps Base in California|Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton}}
{{For|the Marine Corps Base in California|Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton}}

{{Infobox military structure
{{Infobox NRHP
|name = Camp Pendleton State Military Reservation
| name = Camp Pendleton--State Military Reservation Historic District
|native_name =
|partof =
| nrhp_type = hd
| image = RifleRangeTowerCampPendleton.jpg
|location = [[Virginia Beach, Virginia]]
| caption = Rifle range tower at Camp Pendleton
|image =
| location= Roughly bounded by General Booth Blvd., S. Birdneck Rd., and the Atlantic Ocean, [[Virginia Beach, Virginia]]
|caption =
| lat_degrees = 36
|map_type =
| lat_minutes = 48
|latitude =
| lat_seconds = 28
|longitude =
| lat_direction = N
|map_size =
| long_degrees = 75
|map_alt =
| long_minutes = 58
|map_caption =
| long_seconds = 51
|type =
| long_direction = W
|coordinates = {{Coord|36|48|28|N|075|58|51|W|dim:30000_region:US-VA |display=inline}}
| coord_display = inline,title
|code =
| locmapin = Virginia
|used = 1912—present
|ownership =
| built = 1911
| architect OR builder = LaPrade, W.W.; Hartman, Col. Charles D.
|open_to_public =
| architecture = Bungalow/craftsman, Other, World War I & II Buildings
|controlledby = [[Virginia National Guard]]
| added = September 26, 2005<ref name="nris" />
|garrison =
| area = {{convert|328|acre}}
|current_commander =
| governing_body = [[Virginia National Guard]]
|commanders =
| refnum = 04000852<ref name="nris" />
|occupants =
|battles =
|events =
|image2 =
|caption2 =
}}
}}

'''Camp Pendleton''' is a {{Convert|325|acre|km2|sing=on}} state military reservation in [[Virginia Beach, Virginia]], named after Brigadier General [[William N. Pendleton]], who served as [[Robert E. Lee]]'s chief of artillery during the Civil War. It lies on the Atlantic coast adjoining [[Naval Air Station Oceana]].
'''Camp Pendleton''' is a {{Convert|325|acre|km2|sing=on}} state military reservation in [[Virginia Beach, Virginia]], named after Brigadier General [[William N. Pendleton]], who served as [[Robert E. Lee]]'s chief of artillery during the Civil War. It lies on the Atlantic coast slightly east of [[Naval Air Station Oceana]].


==History==
==History==
The facility was created in 1912 as the [[Rifle range|State Rifle Range]] for the use of the state militia. Between 1922 and 1942, it was named after the then serving [[List of Governors of Virginia|Governor of Virginia]]. During both World Wars, the base was federalized. In World War I it was used by the U.S. Navy for coastal artillery training, and was controlled by Army during World War II, who first applied the name Camp Pendleton.<ref name="virginiaplaces">{{cite web |url= http://www.virginiaplaces.org/military/pendleton.html |title=Camp Pendleton |work=virginiaplaces.org |year=2010 |accessdate=2 March 2011}}</ref>
The facility was laid out in 1911, with construction beginning in 1912,<ref name="nrhp" /> as the [[Rifle range|State Rifle Range]] for the use of the state militia. Between 1922 and 1942, it was named after the then serving [[List of Governors of Virginia|Governor of Virginia]]. During both World Wars, the base was federalized. In World War I it was used by the U.S. Navy for coastal artillery training and during World War II it was controlled by U.S. Army, who first applied the name Camp Pendleton.<ref name="virginiaplaces" />

===National Registered Historic Place===
The Camp Pendleton-State Military Reservation Historic District was designated a [[National Register of Historic Places|National Registered Historic Place and District]] (NRHP) on September 26, 2005. The camp initially was about {{convert|400|acre|ha}} in size. The original 1912 construction mostly related to the rifle range, but most of those buildings were demolished by World War II. A second major construction phase began in 1919 by the US Navy was improvements to the rifle range. Those buildings were also demolished but the layout of both the first and second phase remains. The third and final phase was by the US Army in World War II and the remaining buildings are mostly from that timeframe. At the time it became a NRHP Camp Pendleton had 108 buildings.<ref name="nrhp" />


==Current use==
==Current use==
The operation and maintenance of Camp Pendleton is funded primarily by the [[Federal government of the United States|federal government]] through the [[National Guard Bureau]], and its primary purpose is the training of personnel and organizations of the [[Virginia National Guard]], as well as other states' National Guard units and components of the [[United States Armed Forces|U.S. Armed Forces]]. When the facilities are not use by military organizations, state and local civilian agencies also conduct training at the site. Its facilities include a [[small arms]] range, helicopter landing strip, classrooms, barracks, dining halls, maintenance garages, training fields, and a chapel. Other tenants include the 203rd [[Rapid Engineer Deployable Heavy Operational Repair Squadron Engineers|RED HORSE]] Air National Guard, and [[Military Sealift Command]], whose facilities are leased to the federal government by the State of Virginia.<ref name="globalsecurity">{{cite web |url= http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/facility/camp-pendleton-va.htm |title=Camp Pendleton State Military Reservation |work=globalsecurity.org |year=2011 |accessdate=2 March 2011}}</ref>
The operation and maintenance of Camp Pendleton is funded primarily by the [[Federal government of the United States|federal government]] through the [[National Guard Bureau]], and its primary purpose is the training of personnel and organizations of the [[Virginia National Guard]], as well as other states' National Guard units and components of the [[United States Armed Forces|U.S. Armed Forces]]. When the facilities are not use by military organizations, state and local civilian agencies also conduct training at the site. Its facilities include a [[small arms]] range, helicopter landing strip, classrooms, barracks, dining halls, maintenance garages, training fields, and a chapel. Other tenants include the [[Military Sealift Command]], whose facilities are leased to the federal government by the State of Virginia, and the 203rd [[Rapid Engineer Deployable Heavy Operational Repair Squadron Engineers|RED HORSE]] Air National Guard.<ref name="globalsecurity" /> On March 3, 2001 the 18 members of the 203rd RED HORSE and 2 Florida Air Guardsmen died in a plane crash over Georgia. It is considered the worst peacetime Air Guard crash ever and the worst National Guard loss of life in Virginia since World War II.<ref name="redhorse" />

In 1991 the United States [[Department of Defense]] began the [[Youth Challenge Program]].<ref name="challNG2" /> The Virginia implementation of that program is the Commonwealth Challenge (or Commonwealth ChalleNGe), a program with a military structure operated by the Virginia National Guard on Camp Pendleton for at risk for 16-18 year olds. It focuses on developing "values, skills, education and self-discipline".<ref name="challNG" /> Youths come from all parts of Virginia. The Camp Pendleton program opened in September 1994 (some cite July 1994), is 5 1/2 months long, and offers a [[General Educational Development|GED]] program. There are three phases: 2 weeks of indoctrination, 20 weeks of the core program, and a 12-month post-graduation program. Community service is part of the program. Classes start each January and June.<ref name="challNG" /> The only cost to the participant is personal items; tuition, room, and board are provided. So far 30 classes and over 3000 cadets have graduated.<ref name="challNG2" /> In 2010 Virginia almost removed funding for the program but it was restored by the governor.<ref name="challNG3" />

Since shortly after World War II a {{convert|2000|sqft|m2}} home on the camp has served as a vacation spot for the presiding governor of Virginia. The architecture of this home is in the same style as the rest of the camp. It has vinyl siding. The "cottage" was originally built in 1915 and initially served as the commanding officer's residence.<ref name="sale2" /> In the summer of 2012, the [[United States Naval Sea Cadet Corps]] conducted training programs at Camp Pendleton.<ref name="seacadet" />


==Future==
==Future==
When the facility was created it was in a relatively remote, sparsely populated area, but since then, the City of Virginia Beach has grown and developed around it, leading to concerns over safety issues. The role of Camp Pendleton is also changing, as more National Guard training takes place at the much larger [[Fort Pickett]]. This has led to repeated requests by the City authorities to convert it to other uses, including complete or partial conversion to a [[state park]].<ref name="globalsecurity"/>
When the facility was created it was in a relatively remote, sparsely populated area, but since then, the City of Virginia Beach has grown and developed around it, leading to concerns over safety issues. Over time hundreds of acres of land belonging to the camp have been sold to the city of Virginia Beach.<ref name="sale2" /><ref name="sale1" /> The role of Camp Pendleton is also changing, as more National Guard training takes place at the much larger [[Fort Pickett]], lessening the importance of Camp Pendleton.<ref name="virginiaplaces" /> This has led to repeated requests by the City authorities to convert it to other uses, including complete or partial conversion to a [[state park]].<ref name="globalsecurity" /> The findings of a report completed at the behest of the [[Virginia General Assembly]] on November 22, 1998 were that it was not feasible at that time to convert Camp Pendleton to a state park because of the demands of long-term planning, coordination with the federal government, and environmental reclamation.<ref name="jlarc" />

==See also==
* [[National Register of Historic Places listings in Virginia Beach, Virginia]]


==References==
==References==

{{Reflist}}
{{refs
| refs =

<ref name="nris">
{{NRISref
| version = 2010a
| dateform = mdy
}}
</ref>

<ref name="virginiaplaces">
{{cite web
| url = http://www.virginiaplaces.org/military/pendleton.html
| title = Camp Pendleton
| work = Virginia Places.org
| year = 2010
| accessdate = March 2, 2011
}}
</ref>

<ref name="nrhp">
{{cite web
| url = http://www.dhr.virginia.gov/registers/Cities/VirginiaBeach/134-0413_CampPendleton_2005_Final_Nomination.pdf
| title = Camp Pendleton/State Military Reservation Historic District
| publisher = United States Department of the Interior, National Park Service
| format = PDF
| date = August 17, 2005
| accessdate = June 12, 2012
}}
</ref>

<ref name="globalsecurity">
{{cite web
| url = http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/facility/camp-pendleton-va.htm
| title = Camp Pendleton State Military Reservation
| publisher = Global Security
| year = 2011
| accessdate = March 2, 2011
}}
</ref>

<ref name="challNG">
{{cite web
| url = http://vko.va.ngb.army.mil/virginiaguard/communityprograms/challenge/index.html
| title = Commonwealth ChalleNGe
| publisher = Virginia National Guard
| accessdate = June 10, 2012
}}
</ref>

<ref name="jlarc">
{{cite web
| url = http://jlarc.state.va.us/reports/Rpt221.pdf
| title = Commonwealth ChalleNGe
| publisher = Joint Legislative Audit and Review Commission of the Virginia General Assembley
| format = PDF
| date = November 22, 1998
| accessdate = June 12, 2012
}}
</ref>

<ref name="seacadet">
{{cite web
| url = http://www.rtvaseacadets.org/
| title = USNSCC Recruit Training, Camp Pendleton, VA Home Page
| publisher = Rtvaseacadets.org
| date = May 22, 2012
| accessdate = June 12, 2012
}}
</ref>

<ref name="challNG2">
{{cite web
| url = http://www.ngycp.org/site/state/va/node/2262
| title = About Us; Commonwealth ChalleNGe
| publisher = National Guard Youth Challenge Program
| accessdate = June 10, 2012
}}
</ref>

<ref name="challNG3">
{{cite web
| url = http://www.governor.virginia.gov/news/viewRelease.cfm?id=115
| title = Governor McDonnell Announces Budget Amendment to Restore Funding for the Virginia National Guard Commonwealth ChalleNGe Program
| publisher = Governor.virginia.gov
| date = April 12, 2010
| accessdate = June 10, 2012
}}
</ref>

<ref name="redhorse">
{{cite web
| last = Gooding
| first = Mike
| url = http://www.wvec.com/news/local/Red-Horse-Air-National-Guard-members-mark-11th-anniversary-of-fatal-crash-141229883.html
| title = Red Horse Air National Guard members mark 11th anniversary of fatal crash
| publisher = Wvec.com
| date = March 2, 2012
| accessdate = June 11, 2012
}}
</ref>

<ref name="sale2">
{{cite news
| url = http://hamptonroads.com/2010/04/sale-gubernatorial-cottage-virginia-beach
| title = For sale: Gubernatorial cottage in Virginia Beach?
| newspaper = The Virginian Pilot
| date = April 29, 2010
| accessdate = June 11, 2012
}}
</ref>

<ref name="sale1">
{{cite news
| url = http://hamptonroads.com/2008/10/virginia-beach-moves-buy-camp-pendleton-plot
| title = Virginia Beach moves to buy Camp Pendleton plot
| newspaper = The Virginian Pilot
| date = October 29, 2008
| accessdate = June 11, 2012
}}
</ref>

}}


==External links==
==External links==
{{commonscat|Camp Pendleton (Virginia)}}
* [http://vko.va.ngb.army.mil/VirginiaGuard/smr/index.html Camp Pendleton ~ State Military Reservation]
* [http://vko.va.ngb.army.mil/VirginiaGuard/smr/index.html Camp Pendleton ~ State Military Reservation]
* [http://vko.va.ngb.army.mil/virginiaguard/news/jun2007/2-183rddeparture.html Father and two sons from Camp Pendleton deploy to war]
* [http://www.northamericanforts.com/East/Virginia/Camp_Pendleton/index.htm Geocaching info on Camp Pendleton]
* [http://army.com/info/posts/camp-pendleton-state-military-reservation US Army info on Camp Pendleton]
* [http://vko.va.ngb.army.mil/virginiaguard/news/jun2007/2-183rddeparture.html Virginia Department of Historic Resources photos of Camp Pendleton]


{{National Register of Historic Places}}
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{{VAMilitary}}

{{VAMilitary}}


[[Category:Buildings and structures completed in 1911]]
[[Category:1912 establishments in the United States]]
[[Category:1912 establishments in the United States]]
[[Category:Military facilities in Virginia]]
[[Category:Military facilities in Virginia]]
[[Category:Military in Virginia Beach, Virginia]]
[[Category:Military in Virginia Beach, Virginia]]
[[Category:National Register of Historic Places in Virginia]]

Revision as of 21:54, 13 June 2012

For the Marine Corps Base in California, see Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton.
Camp Pendleton--State Military Reservation Historic District
Rifle range tower at Camp Pendleton
Camp Pendleton (Virginia) is located in Virginia
Camp Pendleton (Virginia)
LocationRoughly bounded by General Booth Blvd., S. Birdneck Rd., and the Atlantic Ocean, Virginia Beach, Virginia
Area328 acres (133 ha)
Built1911
Architectural styleBungalow/craftsman, Other, World War I & II Buildings
NRHP reference No.04000852[1]
Added to NRHPSeptember 26, 2005[1]

Camp Pendleton is a 325-acre (1.32 km2) state military reservation in Virginia Beach, Virginia, named after Brigadier General William N. Pendleton, who served as Robert E. Lee's chief of artillery during the Civil War. It lies on the Atlantic coast slightly east of Naval Air Station Oceana.

History

The facility was laid out in 1911, with construction beginning in 1912,[2] as the State Rifle Range for the use of the state militia. Between 1922 and 1942, it was named after the then serving Governor of Virginia. During both World Wars, the base was federalized. In World War I it was used by the U.S. Navy for coastal artillery training and during World War II it was controlled by U.S. Army, who first applied the name Camp Pendleton.[3]

National Registered Historic Place

The Camp Pendleton-State Military Reservation Historic District was designated a National Registered Historic Place and District (NRHP) on September 26, 2005. The camp initially was about 400 acres (160 ha) in size. The original 1912 construction mostly related to the rifle range, but most of those buildings were demolished by World War II. A second major construction phase began in 1919 by the US Navy was improvements to the rifle range. Those buildings were also demolished but the layout of both the first and second phase remains. The third and final phase was by the US Army in World War II and the remaining buildings are mostly from that timeframe. At the time it became a NRHP Camp Pendleton had 108 buildings.[2]

Current use

The operation and maintenance of Camp Pendleton is funded primarily by the federal government through the National Guard Bureau, and its primary purpose is the training of personnel and organizations of the Virginia National Guard, as well as other states' National Guard units and components of the U.S. Armed Forces. When the facilities are not use by military organizations, state and local civilian agencies also conduct training at the site. Its facilities include a small arms range, helicopter landing strip, classrooms, barracks, dining halls, maintenance garages, training fields, and a chapel. Other tenants include the Military Sealift Command, whose facilities are leased to the federal government by the State of Virginia, and the 203rd RED HORSE Air National Guard.[4] On March 3, 2001 the 18 members of the 203rd RED HORSE and 2 Florida Air Guardsmen died in a plane crash over Georgia. It is considered the worst peacetime Air Guard crash ever and the worst National Guard loss of life in Virginia since World War II.[5]

In 1991 the United States Department of Defense began the Youth Challenge Program.[6] The Virginia implementation of that program is the Commonwealth Challenge (or Commonwealth ChalleNGe), a program with a military structure operated by the Virginia National Guard on Camp Pendleton for at risk for 16-18 year olds. It focuses on developing "values, skills, education and self-discipline".[7] Youths come from all parts of Virginia. The Camp Pendleton program opened in September 1994 (some cite July 1994), is 5 1/2 months long, and offers a GED program. There are three phases: 2 weeks of indoctrination, 20 weeks of the core program, and a 12-month post-graduation program. Community service is part of the program. Classes start each January and June.[7] The only cost to the participant is personal items; tuition, room, and board are provided. So far 30 classes and over 3000 cadets have graduated.[6] In 2010 Virginia almost removed funding for the program but it was restored by the governor.[8]

Since shortly after World War II a 2,000 square feet (190 m2) home on the camp has served as a vacation spot for the presiding governor of Virginia. The architecture of this home is in the same style as the rest of the camp. It has vinyl siding. The "cottage" was originally built in 1915 and initially served as the commanding officer's residence.[9] In the summer of 2012, the United States Naval Sea Cadet Corps conducted training programs at Camp Pendleton.[10]

Future

When the facility was created it was in a relatively remote, sparsely populated area, but since then, the City of Virginia Beach has grown and developed around it, leading to concerns over safety issues. Over time hundreds of acres of land belonging to the camp have been sold to the city of Virginia Beach.[9][11] The role of Camp Pendleton is also changing, as more National Guard training takes place at the much larger Fort Pickett, lessening the importance of Camp Pendleton.[3] This has led to repeated requests by the City authorities to convert it to other uses, including complete or partial conversion to a state park.[4] The findings of a report completed at the behest of the Virginia General Assembly on November 22, 1998 were that it was not feasible at that time to convert Camp Pendleton to a state park because of the demands of long-term planning, coordination with the federal government, and environmental reclamation.[12]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. July 9, 2010.
  2. ^ a b "Camp Pendleton/State Military Reservation Historic District" (PDF). United States Department of the Interior, National Park Service. August 17, 2005. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
  3. ^ a b "Camp Pendleton". Virginia Places.org. 2010. Retrieved March 2, 2011.
  4. ^ a b "Camp Pendleton State Military Reservation". Global Security. 2011. Retrieved March 2, 2011.
  5. ^ Gooding, Mike (March 2, 2012). "Red Horse Air National Guard members mark 11th anniversary of fatal crash". Wvec.com. Retrieved June 11, 2012.
  6. ^ a b "About Us; Commonwealth ChalleNGe". National Guard Youth Challenge Program. Retrieved June 10, 2012.
  7. ^ a b "Commonwealth ChalleNGe". Virginia National Guard. Retrieved June 10, 2012.
  8. ^ "Governor McDonnell Announces Budget Amendment to Restore Funding for the Virginia National Guard Commonwealth ChalleNGe Program". Governor.virginia.gov. April 12, 2010. Retrieved June 10, 2012.
  9. ^ a b "For sale: Gubernatorial cottage in Virginia Beach?". The Virginian Pilot. April 29, 2010. Retrieved June 11, 2012.
  10. ^ "USNSCC Recruit Training, Camp Pendleton, VA Home Page". Rtvaseacadets.org. May 22, 2012. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
  11. ^ "Virginia Beach moves to buy Camp Pendleton plot". The Virginian Pilot. October 29, 2008. Retrieved June 11, 2012.
  12. ^ "Commonwealth ChalleNGe" (PDF). Joint Legislative Audit and Review Commission of the Virginia General Assembley. November 22, 1998. Retrieved June 12, 2012.

External links

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