Amor Prohibido

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is an old revision of this page, as edited by Baffle gab1978 (talk | contribs) at 04:59, 7 January 2012 (→‎Legacy: copy-edit; condense and clarify text.). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this revision, which may differ significantly from the current revision.

Untitled

Amor prohibido (English: Forbidden Love) is the fifth studio album by American Tejano pop singer Selena, and was released on March 13, 1994 by EMI Latin. Amor prohibido incorporates mostly cumbia and dance-pop songs sung in Spanish, which later helped expand the Tejano Music Movement in the United States. Recording of Amor prohibido was delayed by the success of Selena's fashion clothing, boutiques, and the extensive tour for her previous album, Live!. Selena's brother and principal record producer, A.B. Quintanilla III, was the main songwriter for Amor prohibido, although her band's members Ricky Vela and Pete Astudillo also helped with songwriting.

Selena recorded a variety of Tejano and Mexican songs, which were well received by critics. Amor prohibido debuted at number one on Billboard's Regional Mexican Albums and Top Latin Albums chart, and peaked at number 29 on the Billboard 200. Amor prohibido sold more than 500,000 copies in its first year, and it eventually became Best-Selling Latin Album of All Time, though her posthumous album Dreaming of You exceeded Amor prohibido a year later. It was certified 20x Platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) in February 2010, which denotes shipments of 2,000,000 copies. In April 1994 Selena embarked upon a worldwide tour to promote the album.

Amor prohibido received mostly positive reviews and was highly praised, for "stepping-out" of the Tejano genre and into Contemporary Latin pop music. The album was nominated for Best Mexican-American Performance at the 37th Grammy Awards. Selena set several unprecedented records in the Latin world with Amor prohibido. Her work has "opened the doors" to Jennifer Lopez, Christina Aguilera, Enrique Iglesias, and Ricky Martin. After Amor prohibido had begun to sell in parts of the United States where Tejano was little known, Selena was considered "bigger then Tejano itself". Selena had won two awards during the 1994 Tejano Music Awards and six prestigious awards posthumously at the 1995 Tejano Music Awards and the 1995 Lo Nuestro Awards. Four tracks (the title track, "No me queda más", "Bidi bidi bom bom" and "Techno Cumbia") from Amor prohibido became number one singles, one posthumous ("Fotos y recuerdos"), on the Billboard Hot Latin Tracks chart. As of 2012, it is the only Spanish album by a female artist to have done so. Amor prohibido was re-released on September 24, 2002, as part of the Selena: 20 Years of Music collection, and included music videos and spoken liner notes by her family, friends and her former band.

Production and development

Production for Amor prohibido were delayed because of Selena's fashion clothing line, her Selena Etc. boutiques and her extensive touring to support Live!.[1] Selena's brother, A.B. Quintanilla III, was the main record producer and songwriter.[2] He received songwriting ideas and inspiration from Selena's band members: backup singer Pete Astudillo and lead keyboardist Ricky Vela.[3] Selena's husband, Chris Pérez was approached by Quintanilla III to collaborate with him on a Spansish-language rock song. Pérez stated, during an interview with a family friend, Brian "Red" Moore, he was surprised that Quintanilla III allowed him to write "Ya no" into a rock song for the album. With not enough tracks to complete a full-length album, Quintanilla III began writing songs outside of the Tejano music genre and into Contemporary Latin pop music. When asked if he was trying to change Selena's style of music, Quintanilla III replied that that he did not want to write "the same songs continuously", but to keep Selena's image fresh and "cool" and more accessible to a younger audience.[3] Amor prohibido helped spread the Tejano Music Movement beyond Texas where it became a popular trend.[4] The movement in Texas helped spead further awareness of Tejano music and it became a popular trend.[4][5] Quintanilla III further immersed the album in the Latin territory, sticking to mixing of the genres such as Latin jungle and Latin soul into the songs he had wrote for the album.[5]

Between January 1994 and mid-February 1994,[5] sessions were recorded and remixed at Q-Productions, Selena's father's, Abraham Quintanilla Jr's recording studio. Some recording sessions took place at Tejano singer Manny Guerra's recording studio, and in Hollywood, California. Producers who collaborated with Selena on the album include Quintanilla III, Bebu Silvetti, and Jorge Alberto Pino. For the Selena: 20 Years of Music collection, Miguel Flores, Desmond Child and K. C. Porter were associated with "Donde Quiera Que Estes",[3] a duet that Selena corroborated on with the Barrio Boyzz.[6] Puerto Rican American producer, Domingo Padilla had filled in for Brian "Red" Moore for the duet with the Barrio Boyzz. Gregg Vickers, Roger Emerson, Steven Torres and James Moore also worked with Selena for the first time on Amor prohibido.[7]

Selena later revealed that some of the songs, such as "Corazon de Hielo" and "Desprecios y Desaires", were written for the album but were not included in its final release.[8] Quintanilla III later responded that the songs that didn't make it on the album were going to be used for Selena's forthcoming Tejano-influenced album, which was projected to be released several months after the initial release of Selena's crossover attempt. After Selena was murdered on March 31, 1995, the songs remained unreleased.[3]

Recording and composition

"Amor prohibido", the album's lead single, was written by Quintanilla III and Astudillo and produced by Pino, Vickers and Silvetti. Selena provided the concept for "Amor prohibido" when humming on her tour bus,[10] she was remembering her grandparents' forbidden love story. Selena wanted a song describing how the couple's parents prohibited any relationship due to differences in social class.[11][12] "Amor prohibido" was written in less than a day and became significant to Selena.[10] Magos Herrera had recorded the demo of the song for Selena to record.[13] Pino and Silvetti wrote the chord structure and the guitar part. The pre-production of "Amor prohibido" began at Q-Productions on January 20, 1994. Brian was brought in to remix the music while Vela, the lead keyboardist, was in charge of the music sequencer. The backing vocalists were Stephanie Lynn and Rick Alvarez, and had a quarter note delay at 675ms.[13][3] During the recording sessions, Selena added the melodic chant "ooooh baby". Quintanilla III stated during an interview with MTV Tr3s that "Amor prohibido" would not be the same if Selena had not added the chants. Selena had recorded two takes before Quintanilla III chose the take he thought would be best for the album.[3] "Amor prohibido" is a mid-tempo corrido with dance-pop influences.[14] Selena's vocal range in the song spans two octaves. "Amor prohibido" uses an uptempo keyboard synthesizer and a electronic keyboard. The song uses the percussion and the hi-hat cymbal as its musical foundation.[14] The central theme and lyrical content of the song conveys a Romeo and Juliet-based background about two lovers who receive negative comments from society because they come from two different aspects of the world, though they ignore everyone and continue on with their relationship, overcoming parental disapproval and socioeconomic differences.[15]

"Bidi bidi bom bom", the second single released from Amor prohibido, was written by Selena, Astudillo, and was produced by Silvetti. "Bidi bidi bom bom" became one of Selena's most famous songs[16] after it had won an award from BMI.[17] "Bidi bidi bom bom" which was an unplanned song that was only performed for sound checks and was originally themed around a fish living in the ocean, helped Amor prohibido to become a more exotic, progressive album that Quintanilla III had wanted.[3][4] "Bidi bidi bom bom" is a mid-tempo[18] roots reggae[19] song mixed with Colombian cumbia[3] music, which draws influences from Rock fusion,[20] Latin rock[18] and Caribbean reggae genres.[3] Selena sings with a soprano voice, which spans two octaves.[18] The song's chorus has a basic chord progression C–F–G7.[18][21] The song's lyrics describe a woman who is romantically attracted to a man. Her heart would palpitate ("Bidi Bidi Bom Bom") every time he walks near her. She is overwhelmed by her emotions and cannot control them. Her knees and her heart begin to tremble when she hears his voice.[18]

"No me queda más", released as the third single from Amor prohibido, was written by Vela, and produced by Quintanilla III and Silvetti. Vela had fallen in love with Selena's sister, Suzette Quintanilla. After meeting Suzette's husband, Billy Arriaga, Vela wrote down his frustrations, and he and Quintanilla III transformed the writings into a song, which Quintanilla III then wanted Selena to record for Amor prohibido. "No me queda más" is a corrido-ballad song drawing influences from flamenco music.[22] The song describes an emotionally distraught woman who had fallen in love with a man, but later finds out he is getting married. The woman then feels like there's nothing left to live for without being with him.[22]

"Fotos y recuerdos", released as the fourth single from Amor prohibido, was written by lead vocalist for The Pretenders' Chrissie Hynde, with Spanish translation by Vela and produced by Quintanilla III.[23] The song uses samples from The Pretenders' song, "Back on the Chain Gang".[16][24] The song was retitled "Fotos y recuerdos," (which translates as "Photos and Memories"), and although there were no references to prisoners in the Spanish lyrics, Selena's version sampled the chain-gang chant hook in the chorus.[25] "Fotos y recuerdos" was highly praised by music critics, who believed the song was an "improvement" on the Pretenders' version.[26] The song's lyrics' central theme is about a lonely women who kisses a pictures of her beloved boyfriend every night before she goes to sleep, while reminiscing to keep her memories of him intact.[25]

"Techno Cumbia", released as a promotional single from Amor prohibido, was written by Quintanilla III, Astudillo and Vela, and produced by Quintanilla III. "Techno Cumbia" was written during Selena's Live! Tour. Quintanilla III had wanted the song to be a cumbia song mixed with techno. He also believed that Selena was the first artist to sing a "Techno-Cumbia" song with elements of R&B, blues and funk.[3] "Techno Cumbia" is a Technopop cumbia song performed in a moderate Reggae groove.[27] It drew influences from dancehall, ska,[27] two-step, dance-club, nortec,[28] drum and bass,[29] dancehall-rap en español,[30] and salsa funk.[31] The song's lyrics describes Selena attending a party that is not favored among young adolescences and teaching them the "Techno Cumbia" dance.[27]

"Si una vez", released as the second promotional single of Amor prohibido, was written by Astudillo, and produced by Quintanilla III and Silvetti.[3] "Si una vez" became the second song, after "No me queda más", to be included in Amor prohibido to be inspired by the emotions of Los Dinos members.[32] "Si una vez" was written from a man's point of view by Astudillo after being dumped by his girlfriend.[32] Quintanilla III said in an interview that he really liked the song because of its message and different styles of music, which helped the song "fit in" to the album. Quintanilla III said that "Si una vez" is experimental music and helped boost Amor prohibido as a progressive cumbia album, with its Mariachi cumbia rhythms. Vela, who also was interviewed, said that the band wanted to performed with the Guitarrón guitar, instead of the traditional guitars that they had used for the other songs on the album. Vela also said he used a Mariachi trumpet, with a moderate Cumbia-beat.[3] The song starts off with the pitch of La Dièse, which is the eleventh semitone of the solfege, and progresses to a B-flat, the eleventh semitone of the Western chromatic scale, before changing back to the pitch of La Dièse. Music notations, Dm, which is a minor chord on D, transfers to Gm. Selena's Mariachi-yells have a basic sequence of C♯-F-B flat in its chord progression. "Si una vez" ends with the dominant seventh chord simultaneously with a minor chord, Dm. Selena's vocal spans two octaves.[33] The lyrics describes a woman feeling regretful of loving a man who does not know what love is. She tells him that she regrets having a relationship with him and that she will never fall for him again.[33]

"El chico del apartamento 512", released as the third and final promotional single, was written by Quintanilla III and Vela, and produced by Silvetti, Joshua Munoz, Steven Torres, and James Moore.[3] During an interview with La Nación, Selena stated that she wanted to record the song because she believed her fans would appreciate her choice in Latin pop dance. She also wanted to attract attention from Hispanics who were not acquainted with her music.[34] "El chico del apartamento 512" is an up-tempo song that is influenced by the pop and dance music genres,[35] and uses several musical instruments, including the french horn, violin and piano.[35] At the beginning of the song, hymn tunes are accompanied by Selena singing about being depressed.[3] The song's lyrics describe a young woman who sees a man she is interested in at apartment number 512, however, several men who are not her "type" begins to hit on her. She is finally confronted by the man's girlfriend, which makes her feel depressed.[35]

Release

Amor prohibido was released on March 13, 1994,[7] and soon after, charted on Billboard's "Top 50 Latin Albums", and took the number-one and two slots, respectively.[36] It remained at number one for five consecutive weeks.[37] In December 1994, the album sold more than 500,000 copies, which was unheard of for a Tejano artist; Selena and La Mafia were the only Tejano singers to accomplished this feat.[36][38] By the fall of 1994, Amor prohibido was a commercial success in Mexico and made four number one hits, replacing Gloria Estefan's Mi Tierra. It sold over 50,000 copies in the United States, reaching gold status (RIAA) in April 1994,[39][40][41] platinum in May,[37][42] quadruple platinum (Latin type) in April 1995,[43] double platinum in October 2002,[44] and 20× Disco De Platino, representing shipments of 2,000,000 copies in the United States.[45]

Before Selena was murdered, Amor prohibido sold approximately 2,000 units a week; after her death, sales of the album increased by135%. In April 1995, 28,238 copies were sold in one week.[46] The album was thought to have helped Selena become the "most successful artist of the decade".[47] Amor prohibido was among the "best selling albums of the United States".[48] The success of the album helped Selena "shape Tejano music" to become accessible to a younger and wider audience than at any other time in its history.[49] The album was believed to have "opened the doors" to other Latin artists,[38] such as Jennifer Lopez, Christina Aguilera,[50] Enrique Iglesias, and Ricky Martin.[51] Jose Behar, who signed Selena to Capitol EMI Latin, thought Gloria Estefan had opened the doors, but Selena "blew it wide open" with Amor prohibido.[52]

Amor Prohibido Tour

The Amor Prohibido Tour broke several attendance records, most notably the Houston Astrodome concert, where Selena performed to a record audience of over 65,000—more than country stars George Strait, Vince Gill, Clint Black and Reba McEntire.[53][54][55][49] Because of the success of the album, Selena was in constant demand and had little time to record her crossover album.[56] Michael Clark of Houston Chronicle, wrote that "Her appearance at the Houston Livestock Show and Rodeo on Feb. 26, 1995, was supposed to be not only a celebration of Amor prohibido's success, but also a preview of things to come&nbsp:... ".[57] Clark also stated that the concert was "historic" for being her final televised concert.[57] Selena toured for the first time in Guatemala.[57] Selena's duet with the Barrio Boyzz', "Donde Quiera Que Estés", reached number one in the Billboard Latin Charts, which prompted her to tour in New York City, Argentina, Colombia, Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico and Central America.[58]

Commercial performance

Amor prohibido debuted on the US Billboard 200 chart at number 183 in June 1994 but promptly exited it.[59] The album re-entered the Billboard 200 chart at number 92 following Selena's murder.[59] The following week it rose to number 36,[59] and peaked at number 29.[60] On the Billboard Latin 50 chart, Amor prohibido peaked at number one. [59] The album peaked at number one on the Billboard Latin Regional Mexican Albums and Top Latin Albums chart.[59] Amor prohibido peaked at number 18 on the Heatseekers Albums chart in 1994.[61][62]

Amor prohibido peaked at number one on the Mexican Albums Chart in 2005, and remained at the top for five consecutive weeks.[63][64] In Mexico, the album sold more than 500,000 copies.[65] The album peaked at number 34 on the Italian Albums Chart, number 79 on the Spanish Albums Chart, and number four on the Argentinian Albums Chart,[64] and was nominated for a Grammy Award for "Best Mexican-American Performance" at the 37th Grammy Awards.[49][66][67] Four tracks released as singles from the album became number one hits, which made Selena the first Hispanic singer to accomplished this feat.[68] Amor prohibido won "Album of the Year – Orchestra" and "Record of the Year" at the 1994 Tejano Music Awards.[69] At the 1995 Lo Nuestro Awards, the album won "Regional/Mexican Album of the Year" and "Pop Balad of the Year".[47] The album led Selena to win "Female Vocalist of The Year",[69] "Female Artist of the Year", "Female Entertainer of the Year" and "Song (artist/songwriter) of the Year" posthumously at the 1995 Tejano Music Awards and the 1995 Lo Nuestro Awards.[47]

Critical reception

Professional ratings
Review scores
SourceRating
Allmusic[8]
Billboard(favorable)[37]
Spin(favorable)[70]
The Dallas Morning News(favorable)[71]
Entertainment WeeklyB[72]

John Lannert of Billboard wrote that Amor prohibido " ... firmly established [Selena] as the preeminent female star in the U.S. Latin market", and that the album contains songs ranging in style from rancheras to hip hop music.[37] According to Mario Tarradell of The Dallas Morning News " ... Selena had conquered the Latin pop landscape and was poised to crossover to mainstream  ... " after the release of Amor prohibido.[71] Frank Hoffmann wrote in his book Encyclopedia of recorded sound, Volume 1 that Amor prohibido had " ... demonstrated the band's wide range of styles ... ", that "Bidi bidi bom bom" was a "reggae-inflected dance flare", "Fotos y recuerdos" was a "hard-edge rock" song, and that "No me queda más" was a "touchy ballad". Stephen Thomas Erlewine of Allmusic wrote that "[w]hile the album is slightly uneven, she was a dynamic, charismatic singer and is able to pull across the weaker material. Indeed, the record is her strongest album and shows why she was the biggest Tejano star of the '90s."[8] During Erlewine's review of Dreaming of You (1995) he stated that Amor prohibido was a more consistent release, and an " .. effective introduction and showed why she was so beloved by Tejano fans".[73]

Ed Morales, in his book The Latin Beat: The Rhythms and Roots of Latin Music from Bossa Nova to Salsa and Beyond, wrote that much of the album was recorded in the minimalist Tejano style, and that that there were " ... hints of a subtle evolution in her music ... " Ending his review, Morales stated that the only disappointment in the album was that it was leading to Selena's best works, which she didn't get to do.[74] Herón Márquez wrote in his book Latin Sensations that Amor prohibido was a landmark.[56] James McConnachie wrote in his book The Rough Guide to World Music that the album captures Selena's sex appeal and had the most "authentically Tejano sound".[75] Spin magazine said Amor prohibido was the "most interesting" album compared to Dreaming of You and 12 Super Exitos (1994).[70] Ramiro Burr wrote in his book The Billboard guide to Tejano and regional Mexican music that he believed Amor prohibido was Selena's and Los Dinos "crowning achievement".[76] Burr also commented that the album had hit the right keys for "pop potential" and that it was the band's most creative work.[76] Michael Clark of Houston Chronicle wrote that " ... she and Los Dinos took Tejano to an unprecedented level of mainstream success with the 1994 release of Amor prohibido. A.B. added even more world-music flourishes to songs like "Bidi bidi bom bom", "Fotos y recuerdos", "No me queda más" and the title track, which all became [number one] singles on Billboard's Latin charts ... "[57] David Browne of Entertainment Weekly wrote that "Selena's last album — until the inevitable commemorative anthologies, that is — was [Amor prohibido]. Produced by her brother, [Quintanilla III], who also co-wrote many of her songs, it stands as her sleekest and most pop-oriented work, as heard in peppy ditties like 'Bidi Bidi Bom Bom' and a version of the Pretenders' 'Back on the Chain Gang,' retitled 'Fotos y Recuerdos'. Never a virtuosic singer, Selena was at her most vocally confident here, even unleashing a guttural growl on an otherwise malnourished attempt at dance pop, 'Techno Cumbia.' And as usual, she didn't forget her folk side; accordions and oompah beats are sprinkled throughout the record."[72]

The Daily Democrat wrote that the album's title track, "Amor prohibido", was, " ... mixing the modern cumbia sounds of guitars, accordions, bass guitar, flutes, drums and other percussions ... "[77] "Amor prohibido" was critically praised for Selena's choice in stepping out of the Tejano music world because the song comes directly from the genre of Tejano music and has Latin American sounds and rhythm.[78] Ramiro Burr of The Dallas Morning News stated that, "The hits were obvious—the eloquent "Amor prohibido," on love conducted in secret".[79] "Amor prohibido" and thirteen of Selena's other top ten singles charted in the Hot Latin Songs chart, and she was named the "top Latin artist of the '90s" and "Best selling Latin artist of the decade" by Billboard.[80] "Amor prohibido" and "No me queda más", became the most successful singles of 1994 and 1995.[81][82] Billboard's Ramiro Burr wrote that with its French lyrics, the song could have been popular in European night clubs.[83] Kristine Helen Burns wrote in her book, Women and Music in America Since 1900 (2002) that "No me queda más" and "Bidi bidi bom bom" helped Selena peak in her fan base by 1995.[84]

Antonio Morales of Gringo Gazette stated that "Bidi bidi bom bom" was one of his favorite songs, and wrote that "... Selena was having fun with this track. You could really hear her excitement, enthusiasm and lovely voice in this gem ... " He ended his review by stating that he had really enjoyed her laugh during the guitar solo.[85] Aaron Sebastian Cruz, also from Gringo Gazette, wrote that " ... Selena's passion and conveying abilities, helped her with recording "Bidi bidi bom bom" ... " Cruz called the track a fun reggae song that is best at any social gathering.[86] During the 16th anniversary of Selena's death, Polish newspaper, Onet.pl described "No me queda más" as one of the biggest hits that Selena produced for Amor prohibido.[87] Ramiro Burr praised "No me queda más" as a " ... lovely and stoic song facing the end, yet keeping a sense of dignity and self-worth".[79] Raúl Manuel Rodríguez called the song a lovely ballad.[88] Michael Joseph Corcoran stated that "Techno Cumbia" had Michael Jackson-like trills, in his book about heroes in Texas music.[89] Sara M. Misemer and Walter Aaron Clark wrote in their book Secular saints: performing Frida Kahlo, Carlos Gardel, Eva Perón, and Selena, that "Techno Cumbia" reminded them of Guillermo Gómez-Peña's suggestion that " ...  cultures are being superimposed ... ", because of Selena's mixed genres that were influenced by music from Colombia and the Caribbean.[90] Nathan Cone, from the Texas Public Radio, said the song resonates best with South Texas.[91] Entertainment Weekly editor David Browne stated, "At least half of Amor prohibido showcases her conjunto side: "Si una vez", which, with its mariachi horns and Selena's own full-throated warbling, recalls Lydia Mendoza, conjunto's leading lady."[92]

Legacy

"Amor prohibido" continues to receive extensive airplay in South Texas and at Tejano nightclubs.[93] Songs from Amor prohibido such as the title track and "Bidi bidi bom bom", were favored among LGBT Americans because of the meanings of the lyrics. The album's tracks continued to be played at LGBT clubs and at drag shows across the US.[94] The title track, Amor prohibido, was selling in Puerto Rico when the album was released; the first time Puerto Ricans bought an album by Selena.[95] She was then considered "bigger then Tejano itself" and had broken barriers in the Latin music world.[95] Amor prohibido became the Best-Selling Latin Albums of All Time, though her following album, which was released posthumously, broke the record.[39][40][41][96] After Selena was murdered, a "Amor prohibido doll" was released by Q-Productions,[97] along with a perfume bearing the same name.[98]

Track listing

No.TitleWriter(s)Length
1."Amor prohibido"A.B. Quintanilla III, Pete Astudillo2:49
2."No me queda más"Ricky Vela3:17
3."Cobarde"José Luis Borrego2:50
4."Fotos y recuerdos"Chrissy Hynde, Vela2:33
5."El chico del apartamento 512"Quintanilla III, Vela3:28
6."Bidi bidi bom bom"Selena Quintanilla, Astudillo3:25
7."Techno Cumbia"Quintanilla III, Astudillo3:43
8."Tus desprecios"Quintanilla III, Vela3:24
9."Si una vez"Quintanilla III, Astudillo2:42
10."Ya no"Quintanilla III, Vela, Chris Pérez3:56
20 Years of Music Version
No.TitleWriter(s)Length
11."Donde quiera que estés" (duet with Barrio Boyzz)K. C. Porter, Miguel Flores, Desmond Child4:29
12."Spoken Liner Notes" (This track includes spoken words by Selena's family, friends, and band)Brian "Red" Moore23:56
13."Amor prohibido (music video)"Quintanilla III, Astudillo2:50
14."No me queda más (music video)"Vela3:49

Personnel

Credits are taken from the album's liner notes.[99]

Managerial
Performance credits
Visuals and imagery
Instruments
Technical and production

Charts and certifications

Weekly charts

Awards and nominations

See also

References

  1. ^ John Lannert and Edward James Olmos (1997). "Selena Remembered". 127 minutes in. Q-Productions. Her Life... Her Music... Her Dream {{cite episode}}: Cite has empty unknown parameters: |began=, |episodelink=, |serieslink=, |ended=, |transcripturl=, and |seriesno= (help); Missing or empty |series= (help); Unknown parameter |city= ignored (|location= suggested) (help)
  2. ^ "Latin pop and rock groups performing at Dixon May Fair". Daily Democrat. 8 May 2007. Retrieved 4 November 2011. (subscription required)
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Amor Prohibido (Media notes). EMI Latin. 2002. {{cite AV media notes}}: Cite has empty unknown parameters: |albumlink=, |publisherid=, |coauthors=, and |notestitle= (help); Unknown parameter |artist= ignored (|others= suggested) (help)
  4. ^ a b c "Biography: Selena". 28 November 2007. 60 minutes in. A&E. N/A. {{cite episode}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help); Cite has empty unknown parameters: |began=, |episodelink=, |city=, |serieslink=, |ended=, |transcripturl=, and |seriesno= (help); Missing or empty |series= (help)
  5. ^ a b c Gregory Curtis (2000). "A Celebration of Texas Music, The Stars! The Hits! The History!". Texas Monthly. 28 (5). Emmis Communications: 134. ISSN 0148-7736. {{cite journal}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help)
  6. ^ Celeste Arrarás, María (1997). Selena's secret: the revealing story behind her tragic death (in Spanish). Fireside Publishing. p. 256. ISBN 9780684831350. Retrieved 13 July 2011.
  7. ^ a b "Amor rohibido release date". Rovi Corporation. Retrieved 5 November 2011. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |​work= ignored (help)
  8. ^ a b c Thomas Erlewine, Stephen. "Amor Prohibido - Bonus Tracks". Allmusic. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved 4 November 2011. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |work= (help) Cite error: The named reference "allmusic" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
  9. ^ Patoski page 172
  10. ^ a b John Lanner, Cecilia Miniucchi and Edward James Olmos (1 April 1997 and 20 June 2005). "Selena Remembered". 127 minutes in. Q-Productions. Her Life... Her Music... Her Dream {{cite episode}}: Check date values in: |airdate= (help); Cite has empty unknown parameters: |began=, |episodelink=, |serieslink=, |ended=, |transcripturl=, and |seriesno= (help); Missing or empty |series= (help); Unknown parameter |city= ignored (|location= suggested) (help)
  11. ^ Arrarás, María Celeste (1997). Selena's secret : the revealing story behind her tragic death. Simon & Schuster. ISBN 0684831937.
  12. ^ Patoski, Joe Nick (1996). Selena : Como la flor (1st ed.). Boulevard Books. ISBN 1572972467.
  13. ^ a b Juanita Rodriguez, Lupe William (November 2006). "Amor prohibido: La vida de una legenda". (in Spanish). 75 minutes in. Univision. {{cite episode}}: Cite has empty unknown parameters: |episodelink=, |seriesno=, and |serieslink= (help); Missing or empty |series= (help)
  14. ^ a b Quintanilla-Perez, Selena; Astudillo, Pete (1994). "Amor prohibido: Selena Digital Sheet Music". Musicnotes.com. EMI Music Publishing. MN092893 (Product Number). {{cite web}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |work= (help); Missing or empty |url= (help)
  15. ^ Hernandez, Ellie D. (2009). Postnationalism in chicana/o literature and culture (1st ed.). University of Texas Press. ISBN 0292719078.
  16. ^ a b Beth Rodriguez, Lori (2008). Mapping Tejana epistemologies: Contemporary (re)constructions of Tejana identity in literature, film and popular culture. ProQues. p. 284. ISBN 0549510613.
  17. ^ Patoski page 172
  18. ^ a b c d e Quintanilla-Perez, Selena; Quintanilla III, A.B. (1994). "Bidi Bidi Bom Bom: Selena Digital Sheet Music". Sheetmusicplus.com. Alfred Music Publishing. MN08201021 (Product Number). Retrieved 10 July 2011. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |work= (help)
  19. ^ Vega, Yvonne (29 March 2007). "La Reina". Qué Más.
  20. ^ Díaz, Victoria (11 May 1996). "No Ver El éxito De La Reina Del Tex-Mex (en Notas)". Grupo Reforma (in Spanish).
  21. ^ Quintanilla-Perez, Selena; Quintanilla III, A.B. (1994). "Bidi Bidi Bom Bom: Selena Digital Sheet Music". ultimate-guitar.com. EMI Music Publishing. MN08201021 (Product Number). Retrieved 10 July 2011. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |work= (help)
  22. ^ a b Quintanilla-Perez, Selena; Vela, Ricky (1994). "No Me Queda Mas: Selena Digital Sheet Music". Musicnotes.com. Alfred Music Publishing. MN092893 (Product Number). {{cite web}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |work= (help); Missing or empty |url= (help)
  23. ^ Darling, Cary (30 July 1995). "Death Only Fuels Selena's Climb Up The Charts". The Buffalo News. {{cite news}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help)
  24. ^ Morales, Ed (2002). Living in Spanglish: The Search for Latino Identity in America. St. Martin's Press. p. 311. ISBN 0312262329. Retrieved 15 August 2011. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  25. ^ a b Quintanilla-Perez, Selena; Quintanilla, A.B. (1994). "Amor Prohibido: Selena Digital Sheet Music". Musicnotes.com. Alfred Music Publishing. MN092893 (Product Number). {{cite web}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |work= (help); Missing or empty |url= (help)
  26. ^ Morales, Ed (2003). The Latin beat : the rhythms and roots of Latin music from bossa nova to salsa and beyond (1st ed.). Da Capo Press. ISBN 0306810182.
  27. ^ a b c Quintanilla-Perez, Selena; Astudillo, Pete (1994). "Techno Cumbia: Selena Digital Sheet Music". Musicnotes.com. Alfred Music Publishing. MN092893 (Product Number). {{cite web}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help); |format= requires |url= (help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |work= (help); Missing or empty |url= (help)
  28. ^ Morales, Edward (2003). Living in Spanglish: The Search for Latino Identity in America. Griffin Reprint. p. 320. ISBN 9780312310004. Retrieved 12 July 2011.
  29. ^ Manuel Valenzuela Arce, José (2004). Paso del nortec: this is Tijuana! (in Spanish). Consejo Nacional para la Cultura y las Artes. p. 319. ISBN 9789706519078. Retrieved 12 July 2011. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  30. ^ Morales, Ed (1995). "Selena (Dreaming of You) EMI". Vibe. 3 (7). InterMedia Partners: 200. Retrieved 12 July 2011.
  31. ^ Márquez, Herón (2001). Latin Sensations. Lerner Publishing Group. p. 112. ISBN 9780822549932. Retrieved 12 July 2011.
  32. ^ a b Ruiz, Geraldo (1995). Selena: The Last Song. Warner Pub Service/El Diario Books. p. 256. ISBN 9781887599016. Retrieved 8 May 2011.
  33. ^ a b "Si Una Vez". ¡Puro Tejano! (¡La Seria Pura!). Hal Leonard Corporation. 2003. ISBN 978-0634054457. Retrieved 30 June 2011. {{cite book}}: External link in |chapterurl= (help); Unknown parameter |chapterurl= ignored (|chapter-url= suggested) (help)
  34. ^ María Domínguez (20 February 1994). "La Reina Exclusivo". La Nación. {{cite news}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help)
  35. ^ a b c Quintanilla-Perez, Selena; Astudillo, Pete (1994). "El Chico Del Apartamento 512: Selena Digital Sheet Music". Musicnotes.com. Alfred Music Publishing. MN092893 (Product Number). {{cite web}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help); |format= requires |url= (help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |work= (help); Missing or empty |url= (help)
  36. ^ a b Patoski page 152
  37. ^ a b c d Lannert, John (1995). "A Retrospective". Billboard. 107 (23). Prometheus Global Media: 112. ISSN 0006-2510. Retrieved 14 August 2011.
  38. ^ a b Tarradell, Mario (1 April 1995). "Singer soared beyond traditional limits on Tejano music". The Dallas Morning News. Retrieved 4 November 2011.
  39. ^ a b Sam Howe Verhovek (1 April 1995). "Grammy Winning Singer Selena Killed in Shooting at Texas Motel". The New York Times. p. 1. {{cite news}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help)
  40. ^ a b Parédez, Deborah (2009). Selenidad: Selena, Latinos, and the performance of memory. Duke Univ Pr. p. 259. ISBN 0822345021. Retrieved 3 March 2011. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  41. ^ a b Arrarás, María Celeste (1997). Selena's secret: the revealing story behind her tragic death (in Spanish). Fireside. p. 256. ISBN 068483135X. Retrieved 3 March 2011. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  42. ^ Meier, Matt S (2003). The Mexican American experience: an encyclopedia. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 456. Retrieved 14 August 2011. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  43. ^ Anne Pressley, Sue (1 April 1995). "Singer Selena Shot to Death in Texas". The Washington Post. Retrieved 5 November 2011.
  44. ^ "American certifications – Selena – Amor Prohibido". Recording Industry Association of America. Retrieved 4 November 2011.
  45. ^
  46. ^ John Lannert (1995). "Selena's Albums Soar; EMI Rushes Shipments". Billboard. 107 (16). Prometheus Global Media: 104. Retrieved 14 August 2011. {{cite journal}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |journal= (help)
  47. ^ a b c d Nuevos Estrenos Musicales. Horizon. 1995. Retrieved 14 August 2011. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  48. ^ Ramiro Burr (14 April 1995). "Five Selena albums reach Billboard 200". San Antonio Express-News. Retrieved 14 August 2011.
  49. ^ a b c Miguel, Guadalupe San (3002). Tejano proud: Tex-Mex music in the twentieth century. Texas A&M University Press. p. 192. Retrieved 14 August 2011. {{cite book}}: Check date values in: |year= (help); Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  50. ^ "Way North of The Border". 29 August 2003. Retrieved 4 November 2011. (subscription required)
  51. ^ "Insistent Latin Beat Keeps Pulsing Through The Year's Triumphs". Los Angeles Daily News. 1 January 1996. Retrieved 5 November 2011. (subscription required)
  52. ^ Young, Bob (27 March 1997). "Music Star crossed Selena's dream of mainstream acceptance is alive and well". Boston Herald. Retrieved 5 November 2011. (subscription required)
  53. ^ "Tejano Singer Shot To Death". Sarasota Herald-Tribune. 1 April 1995. Retrieved 10 October 2011. (subscription required)
  54. ^ Pérez Dávila, Angie (31 March 2005). "A 10 años de la muerte de Selena". Noticieros Televisa. Retrieved 10 October 2011.
  55. ^ Orozco, Cynthia E. Quintanilla Pérez, Selena. The Handbook of Texas online. Retrieved on 29 May 2009
  56. ^ a b Márquez, Herón (2001). Latin Sensations. Lerner Publishing Group. p. 23. ISBN 0-8225-9695-4. Retrieved 14 August 2011. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  57. ^ a b c d Michael Clark (31 March 2005). "Ten years after her murder, the Tejano icon lives on". Houston Chronicle. Retrieved 14 August 2011. Cite error: The named reference "tour" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
  58. ^ Patoski page 123
  59. ^ a b c d e Richard Harrington (19 April 1995). "In the Aftermath Of Tragedy". The Washington Post. Retrieved 14 August 2011.
  60. ^ Mario Tarradell (16 July 1995). "A new album celebrates what she was but only hints at what she could have become". The Dallas Morning News. Retrieved 14 August 2011.
  61. ^ "Archive Peak Positions for Amor Prohibido (Allmusic)". Allmusic. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved 15 August 2011.
  62. ^ "Archive Peak Positions for Amor Prohibido (Rovi)". Allrovi. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved 15 August 2011.
  63. ^ a b Pérez Dávila, Angie. "A 10 años de la muerte de Selena". EsMas (in Spanish). Retrieved 5 November 2011.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  64. ^ a b c d e f Maria Chavez (2005). "Edition Espcial Selena". TVyNovelas (in Spanish). 24 (14). Editorial Televisa: 124. {{cite journal}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help); Unknown parameter |publisherlink= ignored (help)
  65. ^ a b Flores, Matt (1 April 1995). "Tejano singer Selena killed -Suspect ends standoff with police in Corpus". San Antonio Express-News. Retrieved 8 December 2011. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help) (subscription required)
  66. ^ America in the 20th century, Volume 12. Marshall Cavendish Corporation. 2003. p. 1800. ISBN 0-7614-7364-5. Retrieved 14 August 2011. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  67. ^ Alisa Valdes (7 April 1995). "Loving Selena, fans loved themselves". Boston Globe. Retrieved 14 August 2011.
  68. ^ Encyclopedia of World Biography Supplement. Gale Research. 1998. p. 500. ISBN 0-7876-2945-6. Retrieved 15 August 2011. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  69. ^ a b c "Tejano Music Awards Past Award Winners". TejanoMusicAwards.com. Retrieved 23 August 2010.
  70. ^ a b "Selena". Spin. 11 (5): 120. 1995. Retrieved 14 August 2011.
  71. ^ a b Tarradell, Mario (31 March 2005). "10 years after her death, her life and music are not forgotten". The Dallas Morning News. Retrieved 14 August 2011.
  72. ^ a b Browne, David (12 May 1995). "Selena: Crossover Dreams". Entertainment Weekly (274). Time Inc. Retrieved 27 December 2011. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  73. ^ Stephen Thomas Erlewine. ""Dreaming of You"". Allmusic. Rovi Corporation. Retrieved 07 January 2012. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  74. ^ Morales, Ed. The Latin Beat: The Rhythms and Roots of Latin Music from Bossa Nova to Salsa and Beyond. Da Capo Press. p. 320. ISBN 0-3068-1018-2. Retrieved 14 August 2011. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  75. ^ McConnachie, James (2000). The Rough Guide to World Music, Vol. 2. Rough Guides. p. 1277. ISBN 1-8582-8636-0. Retrieved 14 August 2011. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  76. ^ a b Burr, Ramiro (1999). The Billboard guide to Tejano and regional Mexican music. Billboard Books. p. 256. ISBN 0823076911. Retrieved 15 August 2011. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  77. ^ "Latin pop and rock groups performing at Dixon May Fair". Daily Democrat. 8 May 2007. Retrieved 24 November 2011. (subscription required)
  78. ^ "The Final Notes". 1996. 60 minutes in. {{cite episode}}: Cite has empty unknown parameters: |episodelink=, |seriesno=, and |serieslink= (help); Missing or empty |series= (help)
  79. ^ a b Burr, Ramiro. "Album reviews: Amor prohibido". The Dallas Morning News. {{cite news}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help)
  80. ^ Mayfield, Geoff (25 December 1999). "Totally '90s: Diary of a Decade". Billboard. 111 (52). Prometheus Global Media: YE-16–18. ISSN 0006-2510. Retrieved 4 November 2011.
  81. ^ "Topping The Charts Year By Year". Billboard. 110 (48). Prometheus Global Media: LMQ3. 28 November 1998. Retrieved 3 March 2010.
  82. ^ Rivas, Jorge (31 March 2011). "Remembering Selena's Trailblazing Music". Colorlines. Retrieved 14 April 2011.
  83. ^ Burr, Ramiro (1999). The Billboard guide to Tejano and regional Mexican music (1st ed.). Billboard Books. p. 256. ISBN 0823076911. {{cite book}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  84. ^ Burns, Kristine H. (2002). Women and music in America since 1900 (1. publ. ed.). Greenwood Press. p. 747. ISBN 1573563099.
  85. ^ Morales, Antonio (15 March 2007). "The Life and Legacy of Selena Quintanilla". Gringo Gazette.
  86. ^ Sebastian Cruz, Aaron (5 June 2004). "Great Summer Songs for 2004". Gringo Gazette.
  87. ^ "16. rocznica śmierci Seleny". Onet.pl (in Polish). 31 March 2011. Retrieved 14 April 2011.
  88. ^ Rodríguez, Raúl Manuel (17 March 2009). "La Música De La Reina Por Siempre Vivirá". El Dictamen (in Spanish). {{cite news}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help)
  89. ^ Corcoran, Michael Joseph (2005). All over the map: true heroes of Texas music. Univ of Texas Pr. p. 176. ISBN 9780292709768. Retrieved 12 July 2011.
  90. ^ Misemer, Sara M. (2008). Secular saints: performing Frida Kahlo, Carlos Gardel, Eva Perón, and Selena. Tamesis Books. p. 192. {{cite book}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help); Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  91. ^ Nathan Cone. "Girl in a Coma "On The Record" About Their Influences". Texas Public Radio. Retrieved 23 April 2011. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |work= (help)
  92. ^ David Browne (1995). "Selena: Crossover Dreams". Entertainment Weekly. Time Warner. Retrieved 23 April 2011.
  93. ^ Permenter, Paris (2008). Insiders' Guide to San Antonio. Morris Communications. p. 307. ISBN 0-7627-4787-0. Retrieved 14 August 2011. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  94. ^ Pérez, Emma (1999). The Decolonial Imaginary: Writing Chicanas into History. Indiana University Press. p. 181. ISBN 0-2532-1283-9. Retrieved 14 August 2011. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  95. ^ a b Schone, Mark (20 April 1995). "A Postmortem Star In death, Selena is a crossover success". Newsday. Retrieved 4 November 2011.
  96. ^ Clark, Michael (25 March 2005). "Ten years after her murder, Selena lives on". Corpus Christi Caller-Times. Retrieved 10 October 2011.
  97. ^ Kerns, William (31 March 2002). "Quintanilla family, fans push for Walk of Fame star for Selena". Lubbock Avalanche Journal. Retrieved 18 November 2011.
  98. ^ Kenna, Kathleen (13 April 1997). "Saint Selena Bigger in death than in life, martyred Tejano singer Selena has gained superstar status from beyond the grave". Toronto Star. Retrieved 18 November 2011.(subscription required)
  99. ^ EMI Telvisia (1995) Selena - Amor prohibido (Liner Notes) EMI Records.
  100. ^ a b c "Amor Prohibido – Selena". Billboard. Prometheus Global Media. Retrieved 15 August 2011.
  101. ^ a b "American album certifications – Selena – Amor Prohibido". Recording Industry Association of America.
Cite error: A list-defined reference named "United StatesSelenaAmor ProhibidoalbumCertRef" is not used in the content (see the help page).

Bibliography

External links

Preceded by Top Latin Albums number-one album
June 11, 1994 - June 19, 1994 (first run)
July 2, 1994 (second run)
September 30, 1994 (third run)
April 15, 1995 - July 29, (fourth run)
Succeeded by
Dreaming of You by Selena