Occupy Wall Street: Difference between revisions

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==See also==
==See also==
{{Columns-list|2|
{{Columns-list|2|
* [[2011 Wisconsin protests]]
* [[2011 United Kingdom anti-austerity protests]]
* [[2011 Israeli social justice protests]]
* [[2011 Chilean protests]]
* [[2010–2011 Greek protests]]
* [[Tea Party protests]]
* [[Impact of the Arab Spring]]
* [[Income inequality in the United States]]
* [[Income inequality in the United States]]
}}
}}

Revision as of 02:13, 4 October 2011

Occupy Wall Street
Part of the impact of the Arab Spring
Poster depicting a female ballerina pirouetting on the back of the Charging Bull statue on Wall Street; on the street behind her, a line of gas-masked rioters struggle through smoke. Text on the poster reads: "What is our one demand? #OCCUPYWALLSTREET September 17th. Bring Tent."
The above file's purpose is being discussed and/or is being considered for deletion. See files for discussion to help reach a consensus on what to do.
A poster created by Adbusters[1] promoting the start date of the occupation, September 17th.
DateSeptember 17, 2011 (2011-09-17) (Constitution Day) – ongoing
Location
Zuccotti Park/"Liberty Park",
New York City, USA

40°42′34″N 74°00′41″W / 40.709385°N 74.011323°W / 40.709385; -74.011323
Caused byWealth inequality, inter alia.
Methods
StatusOngoing with "occupy" movements spreading to other cities, including San Francisco, Los Angeles, Chicago, Boston, Portland, OR[2]
Number
Zuccotti Park/"Liberty Park":

Several hundred "core" demonstrators[3]

Other activity in NYC:

  • 2,000+ marchers (march on police headquarters, 2011-10-2)[3]
  • 700+ marchers (crossing Brooklyn Bridge, 2011-10-3)[citation needed]
Casualties and losses
Arrests: 780+[4]

Occupy Wall Street is an ongoing demonstration in New York City.[5] The protest was originally called for by the Canadian activist[6] group Adbusters; it took inspiration from the Arab Spring movement, particularly the Tahrir Square protests in Cairo, which initiated the 2011 Egyptian Revolution.[7]

The participants of the event are mainly protesting against social economic inequality and corporate greed, among other concerns.[8] Adbusters states that, "Beginning from one simple demand – a presidential commission to separate money from politics – we start setting the agenda for a new America."[9] The protest's organizers hope that the protestors themselves will formulate their own specific demands, expecting them to be focused on "... taking to task the people who perpetrated the economic meltdown."[10]

By October 1, similar demonstrations had been held in Washington, Los Angeles, Boston, Chicago, Miami,[11] Portland, Maine, and Denver.[12][13][14]

Background

After the late-2000s recession that left many countries on the edge of bankruptcy, with weakened economies and unemployment at very high levels, a Canadian-based group, the Adbusters Media Foundation, best known for its advertisement-free anti-consumerist magazine called Adbusters, proposed a peaceful occupation of Wall Street in protest against the current U.S. political leadership and the failure to prevent or make effective changes regarding the global financial crisis. According to the senior editor of the magazine, “[they] basically floated the idea in mid-July into our [email list] and it was spontaneously taken up by all the people of the world, it just kind of snowballed from there.”[15]

Although it was originally proposed by Adbusters magazine, the demonstration is leaderless.[16] Activists from Anonymous encouraged its followers to take part in the protest, which increased the attention it received.[7] Other groups followed, including the NYC General Assembly and U.S. Day of Rage.[10] The protests have brought together people of many political positions including political independents,[17]conservatives,[17] libertarians[18] , anarchists,[17] socialists,[18] and liberals.[18]

Prior to the protest's beginning on September 17, New York City mayor Michael Bloomberg said in a press conference, "People have a right to protest, and if they want to protest, we'll be happy to make sure they have locations to do it."[10]

Demands and goals

The protesters set up camp in Zuccotti Park, which they call "Liberty Park", although Brookfield Properties, the owner of the public space, instituted new rules on September 26 to make life more difficult for the people staying in the park[19]

According to Adbusters, a primary protest organizer, the central demand of the protest is that President Barack Obama "ordain a Presidential Commission tasked with ending the influence money has over our representatives in Washington".[9] Liberal commentator Michael Moore had suggested that this is not like any other protest but this protest represents a variety of demands with a common statement about government corruption and the privileging of big business and the wealthiest 1 percent of Americans in policy making. [20]

The protest has been criticized for its lack of focus and actionable agenda. In an article that was critical of the protesters, Ginia Bellafante wrote in The New York Times:

"The group’s lack of cohesion and its apparent wish to pantomime progressivism rather than practice it knowledgeably is unsettling in the face of the challenges so many of its generation face — finding work, repaying student loans, figuring out ways to finish college when money has run out."[21][22]

Glenn Greenwald responded to this criticism, writing,

"Does anyone really not know what the basic message is of this protest: that Wall Street is oozing corruption and criminality and its unrestrained political power—in the form of crony capitalism and ownership of political institutions—is destroying financial security for everyone else?".[23]

The desire to form a more coherent agenda was evident around the 13th day of the occupation, with sentiment in the encampment generally split along two lines: those who want to draft focused demands about the unequal distribution of wealth in the United States; and those who want the protest to remain amorphous and to grow through spectacle.[24]

A small grassroots political party suggested the protesters could call for a 50-cent Wall Street stock-trade surcharge, which the party's founder told United Press International would boost the U.S. economy at least $350 billion a year. "The Republicans say we don't want to spend more money because it will incur more debt," Light Party founder Da Vid Raphael said. "So where is the money? On Wall Street."[25]

On October 1, former Obama adviser Van Jones announced he, and other liberals would launch an "October Offensive" to counter the right wing Tea Party movement that would center around the Wall Street protests.[26]

Participants

Political views and goals of protesters

The movement is leaderless,[27] centered upon the statement: "the one thing we all have in common is that We Are The 99% that will no longer tolerate the greed and corruption of the 1%."[28] The protests have brought together people of many political positions including political independents,[17] conservatives,[17] libertarians[18] , anarchists,[17] socialists,[18] and liberals.[18] Religious beliefs vary as well including, but not limited to, Christians, Jews, Muslims, and atheists.[18]

The protesters' messages seem to be varied with a variety of demands such as raising taxes on the rich, raising taxes on corporations, ending corporate welfare, support for trade unionism, and protecting Medicare and Social Security in their traditional forms.[29] Some protesters are calling for the end to the Federal Reserve, as well as an end to all wars that the United States is involved in and end to the War on Drugs.[citation needed]

Union solidarity

Various unions, including the Transport Workers Union of America Local 100 and the New York Metro 32BJ Service Employees International Union have pledged their support for demonstrators.[25]

Celebrity support

Rapper Lupe Fiasco donated tents and a mobile sound system for the occupation; he also wrote a poem to help inspire the protesters.[30] Comedienne Roseanne Barr spoke to protesters during the first day of the demonstration, describing Wall Street financiers as "the people who decimated our economy and caused all the problems in the world."[31] Susan Sarandon spoke at the demonstration saying, "I came down here to educate myself...There's a huge void between the rich and the poor in this country."[32] Other celebrities lending their support were Russell Simmons,[33] Anti-Flag,[34] Salman Rushdie, Michael Moore, Margaret Atwood, Noam Chomsky, and Radiohead.[35]

Chronology of events

Main article: Timeline of Occupy Wall Street
The protesters marched toward police station and various other targets

First arrests

The New York Police Department have made arrests during the protests:

  • Four protesters were arrested for wearing masks.[36]
  • One protester was arrested for crossing a police barricade and resisting arrest.[37]
  • Two protesters were arrested for entering a building belonging to Bank of America.[37]
  • One protester was arrested for disorderly conduct.[38]

At least 80 arrests were made on September 24,[39] after protesters started marching uptown and forcing the closure of several streets.[40][41] Most of the 80 arrests were for blocking traffic, though some were also charged with disorderly conduct and resisting arrest. Police officers have also been using a technique called kettling which involves using orange nets to isolate protesters into smaller groups.[40][41]

Pepper-spraying incidents

On September 24 witnesses said they saw three women collapse on the ground screaming after they were pepper sprayed in the face. The incident took place near the intersection of 12th Street and University Place in Greenwich Village, during a march between Zuccotti Park and Union Square. Officials said that the protestors did not have a permit for the march. A video posted on YouTube and NYDailyNews.com shows uniformed officers had corralled the women using orange nets and one suddenly sprayed the women before turning and quickly walking away.[42][43] Activists later published the name and contact details of the officer seen spraying the women with pepper spray, and encouraged members of the public to complain about his conduct.[44] The police officer who used the pepper spray was identified[45] as Anthony V. Bologna a Deputy Inspector of the New York Police Department.[46][47][48][49][50][51] Bologna was appointed C.O. of New York's First Precinct in 2005,[52] and previously faced civil rights complaints for his role during the 2004 Republican Convention held in New York City, for allegedly committing false arrest and civil rights violations.[46][49]

Another woman who had been caught up in the net and pepper sprayed reported other incidents that she believed to be unnecessary use of police force.[53] Responding to the allegations, one police official said that Officer Bologna was not aiming at the female protestors, but rather at male protestors who he believed were pushing officers and causing a confrontation that put officers at risk of injury.[54][55] The Police Department’s chief spokesman, Paul J. Browne, said the police had used the pepper spray “appropriately." According to the spokesperson, “Pepper spray was used once after individuals confronted officers and tried to prevent them from deploying a mesh barrier — something that was edited out or otherwise not captured in the video.”[56]

Protests on 15th day of the occupation

A second video posted on the political blog Daily Kos appeared to show another pepper spraying incident. According to the photographer, who was wearing his press card, he had been on East 12th Street and saw officers drag a woman from behind a net and throw her on the ground. He photographed the scene and then started walking away when he was sprayed. The photographer said that he was not sure who had sprayed him.[54]

Deputy Inspector Roy Richter, head of the Captains Endowment Association, a union representing high-ranking officers, said, "Deputy Inspector Bologna’s actions that day were motivated by his concern for the safety of officers under his command and the safety of the public. The limited use of pepper spray effectively restored order without any escalation of force or serious injury to either demonstrator or police officer." New York Police Commissioner Raymond W. Kelly said that the NYPD Internal Affairs Bureau would examine the incident, but also criticized "tumultuous" protesters whom he called "disorderly" and "intent on blocking traffic" as they marched on University Place. The use of pepper spray is primarily limited to use against those resisting arrest or for protection, but is allowed to officers with special training for use in "disorder control".[54]

On September 25th, the hacker group Anonymous released a video in which they threatened to launch a cyber-attack against the NYPD in response to the incident.[57] Both New York Police Department's Internal Affairs Bureau, and the office of the Manhattan district attorney, Cyrus Vance, Jr., opened investigations on the pepper-spraying.[54]

March on Brooklyn Bridge

On October 1, 2011, protesters set out to march across Brooklyn Bridge. The New York Times reported that more than 700 arrests were made. The police used ten buses to carry protesters off the bridge. Jesse A. Myerson, a media coordinator for Occupy Wall Street said, “The cops watched and did nothing, indeed, seemed to guide us onto the roadway.”[58] However, some statements by protestors supported descriptions of the event given by police: for example, one protestor Tweeted that "The police didn't lead us on to the bridge. They were backing the fuck up." [59] A spokesman for the New York Police Department, Paul Browne, said that protesters were given multiple warnings to stay on the sidewalk and not block the street, and were arrested when they refused.[4] By October 2 all but 20 of the arrestees had been released with citations for disorderly conduct and a criminal court summons.[60]

Media reaction

Wall Street itself has remained barricaded off from all pedestrians, including tourists.

Several commentators in the media and financial sector raised fears of unrest in the run-up to the event despite the organizers' insistence that the occupation would remain non-violent. In an interview with The New American, Ron Arnold of the Center for the Defense of Free Enterprise claimed that, "American radicals are planning hundreds of simultaneous violent uprisings to topple our system of capitalism... I'm talking about anti-capitalist terrorists in our own country."[61] The Blaze, a conservative news website, criticized U.S. Day of Rage's involvement in the demonstration and compared the event to the violent "Days of Rage" protests in 1969.[62] An article published in the New York Daily News described the protesters as a "bunch of spoiled brats"[63] while another in the Boston Globe wrote that, "It’s hard to take a protest fully seriously when it looks more like a circus - some participants seem to have taken a chute straight from Burning Man - and when it’s organized by a Canadian magazine and a computer-hacking group.".[64] An article in the Wall Street Journal wrote that, "the protests last week were a bust."[65]

Support for the demonstration amongst mainstream liberal groups varied. Blogger Zaid Jilani, writing for ThinkProgress, wrote that the protesters' anger against Wall Street banks was not unreasonable "because Wall Street’s actions made tens of millions of people dramatically poorer through no fault of their own."[66] The left-wing blog Crooks and Liars commented on the demonstration, with blogger Susie Madrak writing, "I have a feeling this might be a good one.".[67] However, the liberal Mother Jones magazine was extremely critical of the demonstrations. In a September 27 article they strongly criticized the movements lack of a clear message that can carry the movement forward and the tactics of the Anonymous group. In their opinion, the movement has not yet been able to draw in a wide swath of Americans: "So far, this is more a movement for dreamers than for middle-class Americans trying to make ends meet."[68]

A segment on The O'Reilly Factor remarked of the occupation that, "if you put every single left-wing cause into a blender, this is the sludge you’d get."[69] Political commentator and writer Keith Olbermann criticized mainstream media for failing to cover Occupy Wall Street, saying, "Why isn't any major news outlet covering this? ... If that's a Tea Party protest in front of Wall Street ..., it's the lead story on every network newscast."[70] Filmmaker Michael Moore spoke against Wall Street, saying, "They have tried to take our democracy and turn it into a kleptocracy."[71][72] In a segment on The Sean Hannity Show, Sean Hannity alleged that, "All the talk the protesters were giving about class warfare came directly from President Obama" while Kimberly Guilfoyle who also appeared on the segment called the protestors "people with absolutely no purpose or focus in life."[73] Educator and author Cornel West addressed the frustrations that some critics have expressed at the protest’s lack of a clear and unified message, saying, "It’s impossible to translate the issue of the greed of Wall Street into one demand, or two demands. We’re talking about a democratic awakening.[74] In an article in Gothamist, Michael Bloomberg criticized the protesters for lacking nuance in their arguments.[75] Canadian writer Naomi Klein supported the protest, saying, "This is not the time to be looking for ways to dismiss a nascent movement against the power of capital, but to do the opposite: to find ways to embrace it, support it and help it grow into its enormous potential. With so much at stake, cynicism is a luxury we simply cannot afford."[76]

See also

2

References

  1. ^ Rapoza, Kenneth (July 15, 2011). "From Tahrir Square to...Wall Street?". Forbes.
  2. ^ Portland Tribute - Occupy Portland brings national movement to Waterfront Park
  3. ^ a b "Hundreds of Occupy Wall Street protesters arrested". BBC News. October 2, 2011. Retrieved October 2, 2011.
  4. ^ a b "700 Arrested After Wall Street Protest on N.Y.'s Brooklyn Bridge". Fox News Channel. Retrieved October 1, 2011. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |datemade= ignored (help)
  5. ^ Marcinek, Laura (September 17, 2011). "Protesters Converge on Lower Manhattan, Plan 'Occupation'". Bloomberg.com. Retrieved September 17, 2011.
  6. ^ About Adbusters.org. Accessed: 3 October 2011.
  7. ^ a b Saba, Michael (September 17, 2011). "Twitter #occupywallstreet movement aims to mimic Iran". CNN tech. Retrieved September 17, 2011.
  8. ^ Wall Street protesters: We're in for the long haul Bloomberg Businessweek. Accessed: 3 October 2011.
  9. ^ a b Adbusters, Adbusters, July 13, 2011; accessed September 30, 2011
  10. ^ a b c "'Occupy Wall Street' to Turn Manhattan into 'Tahrir Square'". IBTimes New York. September 17, 2011. Retrieved September 18, 2011.
  11. ^ Melnick, Jordan (October 2, 2011). "Occupy Miami plans take shape at Bayfront Park meeting". The Miami Herald. Retrieved October 3, 2011.
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  13. ^ Paul Harris in Boston. "Occupy Boston: smart, savvy, and aiming to emulate Wall Street protests | World news | guardian.co.uk". Guardian. Retrieved October 3, 2011.
  14. ^ Pilkington, Ed (Oct. 2). "Occupy Wall Street protest: NYPD accused of heavy-handed tactics". Guardian.co.uk. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= and |year= / |date= mismatch (help)
  15. ^ Fleming, Andrew (September 27, 2011). "Adbusters sparks Wall Street protest Vancouver-based activists behind street actions in the U.S". The Vancouver Courier. Retrieved September 30, 2011.
  16. ^ "US protesters rally to occupy Wall Street". September 17, 2011. Retrieved September 17, 2011.
  17. ^ a b c d e f Kleinfield, N.R.; Buckley, Cara (September 30, 2011). "Wall Street Occupiers, Protesting Till Whenever". New York Times. Retrieved October 3, 2011. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  18. ^ a b c d e f g Vitchers, Tracey (September 26, 2011). "Occupying--Not Rioting--Wall Street". Huffington post. Retrieved October 1, 2011.
  19. ^ Corporate Landlord Losing Patience With Occupy Wall Street Protest, Joe Coscarelli, New York, September 26, 2011; accessed September 27, 2011
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  29. ^ Heuvel, Katrina vanden. "This Week: Right-Wing Hypocrisy Revealed, Again. PLUS: Behind the 'Occupy Wall Street' Protests". The Nation. Retrieved October 3, 2011.
  30. ^ "U.S. Day of Rage planned for Saturday — an Arab Spring in America?". September 15, 2011. Retrieved September 17, 2011.
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  33. ^ "Russell Simmons visits 'Occupy Wall Street' protesters with bottles of water, words of encouragement". Nydailynews.com. Retrieved September 30, 2011.
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  38. ^ "What I am doing right now | United States | By Asdf Asdf (picos)". Qik.com. Retrieved September 21, 2011.
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  42. ^ Deluca, Matt. "Wall Street protesters cuffed, pepper-sprayed during 'inequality' march". NYDailyNews.com. Retrieved September 26, 2011.
  43. ^ Goldstein, Joseph (September 26, 2011). "Wall Street Demonstrations Test Police Trained for Bigger Threats". The New York Times. Retrieved October 3, 2011.
  44. ^ Karen McVeigh in New York. "Occupy Wall Street activists name officer over pepper spray incident | World news | guardian.co.uk". Guardian. Retrieved September 27, 2011.
  45. ^ Elinor Mills (September 26, 2011). "Anonymous exposes info of alleged pepper spray cop". CNet News.
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  47. ^ Dwyer, Jim (September 27, 2011). "A Spray Like a Punch in the Face". The New York Times.
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  49. ^ a b "Anthony Bologna, NYPD Officer Who Pepper-Sprayed Protester, Had Role In 2004 Incidents". The Huffington Post. September 27, 2011.
  50. ^ "Hackers grab Goldman CEO's personal data". CBS News. September 27, 2011. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2011/09/27/tech/cnettechnews/main20112427.shtml?tag= ignored (help)
  51. ^ "Michael Moore backs Wall Street activists". UPI. September 27, 2011.
  52. ^ Amateau, Albert (July 5, 2005). "After years of trouble-shooting, he gets a precinct". The Villager. Retrieved October 3, 2011.
  53. ^ Mansfield, Jeanne (September 26, 2011). "Why I Was Maced at the Wall Street Protests". Boston Review. Retrieved September 30, 2011. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  54. ^ a b c d Baker, Al; Goldstein, Joseph (September 28, 2011). "Officer's Pepper-Spraying of Protesters Is Under Investigation". TheNewYorkTimes.com. Retrieved October 1, 2011.
  55. ^ Goldstein, Joseph. "Videos Show Police Using Pepper Spray at Protest on the Financial System". The New York Times. Retrieved September 26, 2011. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  56. ^ Goldstein, Joseph. "Videos Show Police Using Pepper Spray at Protest on the Financial System". The New York Times. Retrieved September 26, 2011. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  57. ^ Mathias, Christopher (September 27, 2011). "Anonymous Threatens NYPD After Alleged Police Brutality During #OccupyWallStreet Protests (VIDEO)". Huffington Post. Retrieved October 1, 2011.
  58. ^ Baker, Al (October 1, 2011). "Police Arrest More Than 400 Protesters on Brooklyn Bridge". The New York Times. Retrieved October 1, 2011.
  59. ^ Pilkington, Ed (Oct. 2). "Occupy Wall Street protest: NYPD accused of heavy-handed tactics". Guardian.co.uk. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= and |year= / |date= mismatch (help)
  60. ^ "Hundreds freed after New York Wall Street protest". BBC News. BBC. October 2, 2011. Retrieved October 2, 2011.
  61. ^ “Day of Rage” Wall St. Occupation Sparks Fears, The New American, September 13, 2011
  62. ^ Who Is Behind the ‘US Day of Rage’ to ‘Occupy’ Wall Street this September 17?, TheBlaze.com, August 19, 2011
  63. ^ "Occupy Wall Street protesters are behaving like a bunch of spoiled brats". NY Daily.
  64. ^ "The right way to get heard". Boston Globe.
  65. ^ "Media Non-Coverage of Occupy Wall Street Gets Lots of Media Coverage". The Atlantic Wire.
  66. ^ Why There Are Protests On Wall Street: Their Actions Impoverished More Than 60 Million People, ThinkProgress, September 18, 2011
  67. ^ Occupy Wall Street: 'This Is Not A One-Day Demonstration, We're Not Leaving', Crooks and Liars, September 17, 2011
  68. ^ "Is #OccupyWallStreet Working?". Mother Jones. September 27, 2011. Retrieved October 3, 2011.
  69. ^ "Bill O'Reilly And Sean Hannity Send Film Crews To Occupy Wall Street Protests". Mediaite.
  70. ^ "Will Bunch, author of 'The Backlash,' on mainstream media's failure to cover Wall Street protests". current.com. September 21, 2011. Retrieved September 22, 2011.
  71. ^ "Michael Moore helps to "Occupy Wall Street"". CBS News. Retrieved September 30, 2011. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  72. ^ Strachan, Jessica. "Michael Moore gives speech at Liberty Plaza for 'Occupy Wall Street'". The Flint Journal. Retrieved September 27, 2011. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  73. ^ "Bill O'Reilly And Sean Hannity Send Film Crews To Occupy Wall Street Protests". Mediaite.
  74. ^ "Cornel West on Occupy Wall Street: It's the Makings of a U.S. Autumn Responding to the Arab. Occupy Wall Street was hit by a major troll attack which caused to site to be member only. Spring". Democracy Now. September 29, 2011. Retrieved September 30, 2011. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  75. ^ "Bloomberg Implies Occupy Wall Street Protest's Days Are Numbered". Gothamist.
  76. ^ "Open Letter From Arun Gupta on the Wall Street Occupation: The Revolution Begins at Home". naomiklein.org. September 27, 2011. Retrieved September 27, 2011.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Occupy Wall Street.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Occupy_Wall_Street&oldid=453817137"