Résumé
A resume is a one-page document containing a summar of relevant job experience and education with the intent of securing a new job. A good resume will be short (one page) and therefore only contain experience relevant to the particular position, contain the precise keywords that the potential new employers are looking for, be self-aggrandizing, and contain many action words. Typically the resume is the first item a potential employeer encounters regarding the job seeker, and therefore an undue amount of importance is ascribed to it.
A cirriculum vitae (CV) is similar, but may span multiple pages and therefore typically contains more previous positions, perhaps less relevant.