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{{Infobox person | name = William Herbert Sheldon | image = | image_size = | caption = | birth_name = | birth_date = November 19, 1898 | birth_place = [[Warwick, Rhode Island]] | death_date = September 17, 1977 | death_place = [[Cambridge, Massachusetts]] | death_cause = | resting_place = | resting_place_coordinates = | residence = | nationality = | other_names = | known_for = | education = | employer = | occupation = [[Psychologist]] and [[Eugenics|Eugenicist]] | title = | salary = | networth = | height = | weight = | term = | predecessor = | successor = | party = | boards = | religion = | spouse = | partner = | children = | parents = | relatives = | signature = | website = | footnotes = }}
{{Infobox person | name = William Herbert Sheldon | image = | image_size = | caption = | birth_name = | birth_date = November 19, 1898 | birth_place = [[Warwick, Rhode Island]] | death_date = September 17, 1977 | death_place = [[Cambridge, Massachusetts]] | death_cause = | resting_place = | resting_place_coordinates = | residence = | nationality = | other_names = | known_for = | education = | employer = | occupation = [[Psychologist]] and [[Eugenics|Eugenicist]] | title = | salary = | networth = | height = | weight = | term = | predecessor = | successor = | party = | boards = | religion = | spouse = | partner = | children = | parents = | relatives = | signature = | website = | footnotes = }}


'''William Herbert Sheldon''' (November 19, 1898 – September 17, 1977) was an [[United States|American]] [[psychologist]] and [[numismatist]]. His major focus&mdash;an effort to correlate intelligence with physical appearance&mdash;enjoyed a vogue from the 1940s through the 1960s. However, his work is generally dismissed by modern researchers.<ref name="nyt-sealed">{{cite news | work = [[New York Times]] | title = Nude Photos Are Sealed At Smithsonian | url = http://www.nytimes.com/1995/01/21/us/nude-photos-are-sealed-at-smithsonian.html | date = January 21, 1995 | accessdate = December 1, 2011}}</ref>
'''William Herbert Sheldon''' (November 19, 1898 – September 17, 1977) was an [[United States|American]] [[psychologist]] and [[numismatist]].


== Biography ==
== Biography ==
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William Herbert Sheldon died in [[Cambridge, Massachusetts]] in 1977.<ref>{{cite news |first= |last= |authorlink= |coauthors= |title=William H. Sheldon, 78. Correlated Physiques and Traits of Behavior. Headed Research Center. |url= |quote= Dr. William Herbert Sheldon, a psychologist and researcher in correlating human biology and physique with social behavior, died Friday of a heart ailment at his office at the Biological Humanics Center in [[Cambridge, Massachusetts]]. He was 78 years old. |publisher=''[[The New York Times]]'' |date=September 18, 1977 |accessdate=2007-07-21 }}</ref>
William Herbert Sheldon died in [[Cambridge, Massachusetts]] in 1977.<ref>{{cite news |first= |last= |authorlink= |coauthors= |title=William H. Sheldon, 78. Correlated Physiques and Traits of Behavior. Headed Research Center. |url= |quote= Dr. William Herbert Sheldon, a psychologist and researcher in correlating human biology and physique with social behavior, died Friday of a heart ailment at his office at the Biological Humanics Center in [[Cambridge, Massachusetts]]. He was 78 years old. |publisher=''[[The New York Times]]'' |date=September 18, 1977 |accessdate=2007-07-21 }}</ref>

==Scientific heritage==
<blockquote>
Sheldon's research led to the strong confirmation of the constitutional psychologist's expectation that there is a noteworthy continuity between the structural/physical aspects of the person and his or her functional/behavioral qualities. Although Sheldon was successful in isolating and measuring dimensions for describing physique and temperament, he cautioned that the dimensions should not be examined in isolation one by one, but, rather, the pattern of relations between the variables should be studied.
:—[http://site.spiritofobama.com/About.html Roeckelein, Jon E.] [http://books.google.com/books?id=6mu3DLkyGfUC&pg=PA428&dq=%22Sheldon%27s+research+led+to+the+strong+confirmation%22&hl=en&ei=SG_bTv6XO4-WOt6H6bUO&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1 Dictionary of Theories, Laws, and Concepts in Psychology] Greenwood Publishing Group, 1998, p. 428
</blockquote>


== Publications ==
== Publications ==

Revision as of 13:14, 4 December 2011

William Herbert Sheldon
BornNovember 19, 1898
Warwick, Rhode Island
DiedSeptember 17, 1977
Cambridge, Massachusetts
Occupation(s)Psychologist and Eugenicist

William Herbert Sheldon (November 19, 1898 – September 17, 1977) was an American psychologist and numismatist.

Biography

Born in Warwick, Rhode Island, in 1898,[1] William Sheldon distinguished himself in two fields.

In psychology, he developed a new version of somatotypology by classifying people into three somatotypes—endomorphic, mesomorphic, and ectomorphic—based on many photographs and measurements of nude figures (mainly Ivy League students).[1]

In numismatics, he authored Early American Cents and later revised that work within Penny Whimsy (these were the most exhaustive catalogues of the varieties of early American large cents at that time). The Sheldon variety list for Early American Cents is still in use today. He also developed the "Sheldon scale" that graded coins on a numeric basis from 1 to 70, which is still standard among American numismatists.[2]

William Herbert Sheldon died in Cambridge, Massachusetts in 1977.[3]

Scientific heritage

Sheldon's research led to the strong confirmation of the constitutional psychologist's expectation that there is a noteworthy continuity between the structural/physical aspects of the person and his or her functional/behavioral qualities. Although Sheldon was successful in isolating and measuring dimensions for describing physique and temperament, he cautioned that the dimensions should not be examined in isolation one by one, but, rather, the pattern of relations between the variables should be studied.

—Roeckelein, Jon E. Dictionary of Theories, Laws, and Concepts in Psychology Greenwood Publishing Group, 1998, p. 428

Publications

  • Sheldon, William H. ♦ The Varieties of Human Physique (An Introduction to Constitutional Psychology) ♦ Harper & Brothers, 1940
  • Sheldon, William H. ♦ The Varieties of Temperament (A Psychology of Constitutional Differences) Harper & Brothers, 1942
  • Sheldon, William H. ♦ Atlas of Men ♦ Harper and Brothers, 1954
  • Sheldon, William H. ♦ Early American Cents, 1793–1814 ♦ Harper & Brothers, 1949
  • Sheldon, William H. ♦ Penny Whimsy ♦ Harper & Row, 1958

See also

References

  1. ^ a b Richard N. Walker. "W. H. Sheldon" (obituary). Psychiatric Bulletin 1978, 2:104-105.
  2. ^ Grading Coins
  3. ^ "William H. Sheldon, 78. Correlated Physiques and Traits of Behavior. Headed Research Center". The New York Times. September 18, 1977. Dr. William Herbert Sheldon, a psychologist and researcher in correlating human biology and physique with social behavior, died Friday of a heart ailment at his office at the Biological Humanics Center in Cambridge, Massachusetts. He was 78 years old. {{cite news}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help); Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)


Further reading

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